Retrospective analysis of institutional scabies outbreaks from 1984 to 2013: lessons learned and moving forward

Mounsey, Kate E.; Murray, Hugh C; King, Mallory; Oprescu, Florin

doi:10.1017/s0950268816000443

Cited by 58 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…In nursing home settings, these products are mostly used to treat scabies. Scabies has been shown to be strongly associated with nursing home residents with dementia and it is still a challenge in the care of residents with dementia in nursing homes …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Patterns of medication prescription by dementia diagnosis in Australian nursing home residents: a cross‐sectional study

Liu

Dyer

Whitehead

et al. 2019

Pharmacy Practice and Res

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Background Current information on the patterns of medication use in nursing home residents living with dementia is conflicting. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate medication use and its associations with dementia diagnosis in Australian nursing home residents. Methods A cross‐sectional study of 541 residents from 17 Australian nursing homes was performed. Results Over 12 months, nursing home residents were prescribed a mean (±SD) of 14.5 ± 6.8 medications each. Approximately 95% of residents were prescribed medications for the nervous system, and 94% were prescribed medications for the alimentary tract and metabolism. After adjustment for potential confounders, those with dementia were less likely to be prescribed medications for the cardiovascular system (odds ratio (OR) 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27–0.77, p = 0.0032) and respiratory system (OR 0.38, 95% CI: 0.25–0.60, p < 0.0001). Further analysis of specific medications showed that residents with dementia were more likely to be prescribed risperidone (OR: 9.38, 95% CI: 4.01–21.94, p < 0.0001), buprenorphine (OR 3.37, 95% CI: 1.78–6.36, p = 0.0002) and trimethoprim (OR 1.78, 95% CI: 1.06–2.97, p = 0.0282), but less likely to be prescribed glyceryl trinitrate (OR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.19–0.94, p = 0.0340) and salbutamol (OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.2–0.6, p = 0.0002) in addition to other specific medications. Conclusions Increased awareness of possible undertreatment of cardiovascular and respiratory conditions, and possible overtreatment of urinary tract infection, in those living with dementia in nursing home settings may improve management of this vulnerable population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Patterns of medication prescription by dementia diagnosis in Australian nursing home residents: a cross‐sectional study

Liu

Dyer

Whitehead

et al. 2019

Pharmacy Practice and Res

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“…Dementia was identified as a risk factor for scabies with an odds ratio of 2.37 (95% CI 1.38–4.07) highlighting the need for a high index of suspicion and thorough examination in this vulnerable group [4]. Significant economic costs are incurred by institutions in managing outbreaks of scabies, with direct costs ranging from USD 2,000 to 200,000 per outbreak [42, 43]. Costs relate predominantly to staffing (coping with absences and increased workload) and treatment (acaricide prescriptions).…”

Section: The Impact Of Scabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Scabies: An Infestation More than Skin Deep

2018

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Human scabies, a common infestation, has a worldwide distribution with a variable impact and presentation depending on the clinical situation. In developed, high-income settings, health institution and residential home outbreaks challenge health and social care services. In resource-poor settings, it is the downstream sequelae of staphylococcal and streptococcal bacteraemia, induced by scratching, which have a significant impact on the long-term health of communities. Over the past decade scabies has been recognised as a “neglected tropical disease” (NTD) by the World Health Organisation, has an accepted practical system of global diagnostic criteria and is being adopted into integrated programmes of mass drug administration for NTDs in field settings. This review seeks to summarise the recent advances in the understanding of scabies and highlight the advocacy and research headlines with their implication for diagnosis and management of outbreaks and individuals. In addition, it will indicate the priorities and questions that remain.

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“…Shorter ethanol exposure times were not studied. Additionally, in the study by Shenep and colleagues, 4 Bacillus cereus kill in biofilm required at least 4 h of 70% ethanol exposure. In all clinical studies previously published from our centre, longer duration of ethanol lock therapy dwell times were routinely used with 85-100% catheter salvage success, along with systemic antimicrobials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%