Retrograde venous perfusion for spinal cord protection

Miyamoto, T.; Miyamoto, Koho-Julio

doi:10.1016/s0003-4975(00)01337-0

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In previous experiments employing normothermic blood with no adjuncts, retrograde perfusion was either non‐selective or derived from passive shunts 9,14,15 . In this respect, some studies report retrograde perfusion through the hemiazygos or ascending lumbar veins with different clinical outcomes, but with the demonstration of bilateral contrast filling of the epidural veins 10 . This appears somewhat surprising when considering the probability of partial shunting through the main azygos venous pathway during perfusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retrograde perfusion as an alternative route to protect the spinal cord has been recently investigated in the experimental setting with controversial results 8–15 . We reviewed previous reports and performed a simplified perfusion experiment in a swine model to verify the possible acute effects of controlled and selective retrograde spinal cord perfusion through the azygos system with normothermic blood alone during thoracic aortic cross‐clamping.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spinal Cord Retrograde Perfusion: Review of the Literature and Experimental Observations

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Cord Retrograde Perfusion: Review of the Literature and Experimental Observations

et al. 2007

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“…The problem we are solving here is that of a uniform sphere of constant density and constant temperature gas of fermions and a homogeneous source of photons with E γ > kT q where T q is the temperature of the quarks in this case. The number of photons escaping as a function of time we calculated using the numerical method described by Sunyaev & Titarchuk (1980, hereafter ST80); see also Shapiro, Lightman & Eardley (1976) and Miyamoto (1978). The corresponding diffusion equation in spherical coordinates is where J is the average intensity of emission and is a dimensionless quantity (following the ST80 choice of units).…”

Section: Cooling and Light Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chapline & Stevens 1973). In general, it is found that an equilibrium solution to the Compton Fokker–Planck equation is a Bose–Einstein distribution which, for h ν > k T q and large τ, approaches a Wien spectrum (Miyamoto 1978 and references therein). That is, by the time the photons escape the star their distribution will be given by F ν ∝ν 3 exp(− h ν/ k T ).…”

Section: Cooling and Light Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling of quark stars in the colour superconductive phase: effect of photons from glueball decay

Ouyed

Hamp

Woodworth

2006

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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The cooling history of a quark star in the colour superconductive phase is investigated. Here we specifically focus on the two‐flavour colour (2SC) phase where the novel process of photon generation via glueball (GLB) decay has already been investigated. The picture we present here can, in principle, be generalized to quark stars entering a superconductive phase where similar photon generation mechanisms are at play. As much as 1045–1047 erg of energy is provided by the GLB decay in the 2SC phase. The generated photons slowly diffuse out of the quark star, keeping it hot and radiating as a blackbody (with possibly a Wien spectrum in gamma‐rays) for millions of years. We discuss hot radio‐quiet isolated neutron stars in our picture (such as RX J185635–3754 and RX J0720.4–3125) and argue that their nearly blackbody spectra (with a few broad features) and their remarkably tiny hydrogen atmosphere are indications that these might be quark stars in the colour superconductive phase where some sort of photon generation mechanism (reminiscent of the GLB decay) has taken place. Fits to observed data of cooling compact stars favour models with superconductive gaps of Δ2SC∼ 15–35 MeV and densities ρ2SC= (2.5–3.0) ×ρN (ρN being the nuclear matter saturation density) for quark matter in the 2SC phase. If correct, our model combined with more observations of isolated compact stars could provide vital information to studies of quark matter and its exotic phases.

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“…These include: surgical decompression of the spinal cord, pharmacologic cord protection (methylprednisolone sodium succinate), pluripotent stem cells application, hypothermia therapy for TSCI [10]; other surgical interventions (such as retrograde venous perfusion [11] and ischemic preconditioning [12]), and pharmacologic management (oxygen free radical scavengers [6], Ca 2+ channel blockers [13] and methylprednisolone [14]) for IRSCI. Unfortunately, the recovery of motor function after the vast majority of SCIs is still not substantial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Temporal Pattern, Flux, and Function of Autophagy in Spinal Cord Injury

Zhou

Sansur

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Previous studies have indicated that autophagy plays a critical role in spinal cord injury (SCI), including traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and ischemia-reperfusion spinal cord injury (IRSCI). However, while the understanding of mechanisms underlying autophagy in SCI has progressed, there remain several controversial points: (1) temporal pattern results of autophagic activation after SCI are not consistent across studies; (2) effect of accumulation of autophagosomes due to the blockade or enhancement of autophagic flux is uncertain; (3) overall effect of enhanced autophagy remains undefined, with both beneficial and detrimental outcomes reported in SCI literature. In this review, the temporal pattern of autophagic activation, autophagic flux, autophagic cell death, relationship between autophagy and apoptosis, and pharmacological intervention of autophagy in TSCI (contusion injury, compression injury and hemisection injury) and IRSCI are discussed. Types of SCI and severity appear to contribute to differences in outcomes regarding temporal pattern, flux, and function of autophagy. With future development of specific strategies on autophagy intervention, autophagy may play an important role in improving functional recovery in patients with SCI.

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Retrograde venous perfusion for spinal cord protection

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Spinal Cord Retrograde Perfusion: Review of the Literature and Experimental Observations

Spinal Cord Retrograde Perfusion: Review of the Literature and Experimental Observations

Cooling of quark stars in the colour superconductive phase: effect of photons from glueball decay

The Temporal Pattern, Flux, and Function of Autophagy in Spinal Cord Injury

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