Retro-orbital autoimmunity

Heufelder, Armin E.

doi:10.1016/s0950-351x(97)80723-9

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…The pathogenesis of GO is unknown, but it is generally considered an extra-thyroidal manifestation of an autoimmune process directed against an antigen common to thyroid and orbital tissue (Bahn & Heufelder 1993, Burch & Wartofsky 1993, Heufelder 1997. Experimental evidence suggests that thyrotrophin receptor (TSR), is expressed in retroorbital adipocytes, and may be one of the possible antigens stimulating the auto-antibodies implicated in proliferative changes of retroorbital tissues in GO (Bahn & Heufelder 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatostatin receptor gene expression and inhibitory effects of octreotide on primary cultures of orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy

Pasquali¹,

Vassallo²,

Esposito³

et al. 2000

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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To explore the mechanism underlying the effects of the somatostatin (SST) analogue octreotide in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), we investigated the expression of SST and of SST receptor (sst [1][2][3][4][5] ) genes in primary cultures of fibroblasts established from retroorbital tissue of GO patients and of control subjects. We determined also SST specific binding sites by competitive binding of [ 125

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatostatin receptor gene expression and inhibitory effects of octreotide on primary cultures of orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy

Pasquali¹,

Vassallo²,

Esposito³

et al. 2000

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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“…Clinically, the classic ocular signs of the disease include proptosis, lid lag or retraction, periorbital edema, extraocular muscle involvement causing diplopia, and the most feared complication -visual loss (5). The most obvious pathological change within the orbit is the enlargement of extraocular muscles (3,4,7,8). The swelling of the extraocular muscles pushes the eye forward causing it to protrude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic measurement of ocular rectus muscle thickness in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Imbrasienė

Jankauskienė²,

Stanislovaitienė³

2010

Medicina

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The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in extraocular muscle thickness and to assess its correlation with the degree of proptosis in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO). Material and methods. A total of 242 patients (207 females and 35 males) with Graves’ ophthalmopathy were enrolled into the study (GO group). Their mean age was 53.83±14.49 years. In addition, we examined an age-matched (53.51±12.79 years) control group of 40 healthy persons. All the participants underwent ophthalmological examination, including eye protrusion measurement and ultrasonographic evaluation of extraocular muscles thickness. Results. The mean exophthalmos in the GO and control groups was 17.84±2.79 mm and 16.0±1.58 mm, respectively. The enlargement of inferior rectus muscle was recorded in 92.1% of patients, lateral rectus muscle in 81.2%, and medial rectus muscle in 50.8% (P<0.001). A significant correlation between exophthalmos and muscle thickness sum was found in the GO group (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.515; P<0.0001). Conclusions. Graves’ ophthalmopathy is more frequent in medium-aged women than men. A significant enlargement of inferior, lateral, and medial straight muscles was noticed in the GO group. With increasing proptosis, the sum of the muscle thickness was increasing, and exophthalmos moderately correlated with muscle thickness sum.

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“…Given the similarity of certain HLA alíeles in the three patients studied, detection of conserved junctional motifs may reflect the influence of common HLA alíeles on TcR selection. Our detection of a limited number of independently rearranged TcR /3-chain genes, together with selective usage of related TcR J/3 gene family members by V/32, V/36, and V/313 T cells infiltrating into thyroid, orbital, and pretibial tissues suggest clonal restriction of these cells, perhaps in response to local stimulation by one or a limited number of antigenic determinants present in these distinct anatomic locations (7).…”

Section: T-cell Restriction In Tedmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…These results indicate that, in the patients studied, certain populations of intrathyroidal, orbital, and pretibial lymphocytes were oligoclonal, and that several clones were present at a high frequency in these anatomically distinct sites. 421 DISCUSSION T lymphocytes are thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of GD, TED, and PD (4,7,18). However, the autoantigens recognized by autoreactive T cells infiltrating the thyroidal and extrathyroidal manifestations of patients with GD have not been identified (19,20).…”

Section: T-cell Restriction In Tedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T-Cell Restriction in Thyroid Eye Disease

Heufelder¹

1998

Thyroid

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Infiltrating immunocompetent cells act to establish and perpetuate the orbital autoimmune process in thyroid eye disease (TED). Until recently, it has remained unclear whether T cells infiltrating the orbital connective/fatty tissue and extraocular muscles represent a primary immune response that is specifically directed against orbital antigens. In addition, despite a close clinical and temporal association of the thyroidal and extrathyroidal manifestations in Graves' disease (GD), it has not been proven whether T cells infiltrating thyroid, orbital, and pretibial tissue in patients with TED and pretibial dermopathy (PTD) are directed against certain antigenic determinants shared between these anatomically distinct tissues. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular analysis of T-cell antigen receptor (TcR) variable (V) region genes, we have demonstrated marked restriction of orbital and pretibial TcR Valpha and Vbeta genes in patients with active TED and PTD. In addition, molecular analysis of T cells in paired samples of extraocular muscle and orbital connective/fatty tissue revealed usage of similar TcR V genes. In contrast, TcR V gene restriction was either absent or much less pronounced in patients with longstanding TED and PTD. Comparison of TcR V genes in T cells obtained from thyroid gland, orbital tissue, pretibial tissue, and peripheral blood of three individual patients with active GD, TED, and PTD also revealed marked restriction and, in addition, striking similarities of TcR V gene usage. Sequencing of complementarity determining regions 3 (CDR3) and junctional domains of TcR Vbeta genes confirmed oligoclonality of intrathyroidal, orbital, and pretibial T cells. Moreover, several conserved junctional motifs were shared by T cells infiltrating the thyroid gland and the extrathyroidal sites. Taken together, these data suggest that, in patients with GD and extrathyroidal manifestations, similar antigenic determinants may be responsible for recruitment and oligoclonal expansion of T cells both within the thyroid gland and in the involved extrathyroidal sites.

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Retro-orbital autoimmunity

Cited by 33 publications

References 99 publications

Somatostatin receptor gene expression and inhibitory effects of octreotide on primary cultures of orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy

Somatostatin receptor gene expression and inhibitory effects of octreotide on primary cultures of orbital fibroblasts from Graves' ophthalmopathy

Ultrasonic measurement of ocular rectus muscle thickness in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy

T-Cell Restriction in Thyroid Eye Disease

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