Retraining walking adaptability following incomplete spinal cord injury

Fox, Emily J.; Tester, Nicole J.; Butera, Katie A.; Howland, Dena R.; Spiess, Martina R.; Castro-Chapman, Paula L.; Behrman, Andrea L.

doi:10.1038/s41394-017-0003-1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In mammalian (e.g., human) spinal cord injury, substantial recovery of locomotory function can be observed depending on the level of injury and age of the subject (Tillakaratne et al, 2010;Rossignol and Frigon, 2011;Pizzolato et al, 2021). However, it is not known whether the robustness, an ability to withstand external perturbations, is also restored along with recovery of the locomotion, e. g., obstacles (van Hedel et al, 2005;Fox et al, 2017). In the present study, we assessed the ability of a well-known rhythm-generating network, the Cancer borealis pyloric network, to homeostatically recover the robustness of its neural activity to external perturbations after the activity has been severely disrupted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory network spontaneously recovers both activity and robustness after prolonged removal of neuromodulators

More-Potdar,

Golowasch

2023

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Robustness of neuronal activity is a property necessary for a neuronal network to withstand perturbations, which may otherwise disrupt or destroy the system. The robustness of complex systems has been shown to depend on a number of features of the system, including morphology and heterogeneity of the activity of the component neurons, size of the networks, synaptic connectivity, and neuromodulation. The activity of small networks, such as the pyloric network of the crustacean stomatogastric nervous system, appears to be robust despite some of the factors not being consistent with the expected properties of complex systems, e.g., small size and homogeneity of the synaptic connections. The activity of the pyloric network has been shown to be stable and robust in a neuromodulatory state-dependent manner. When neuromodulatory inputs are severed, activity is initially disrupted, losing both stability and robustness. Over the long term, however, stable activity homeostatically recovers without the restoration of neuromodulatory input. The question we address in this study is whether robustness can also be restored as the network reorganizes itself to compensate for the loss of neuromodulatory input and recovers the lost activity. Here, we use temperature changes as a perturbation to probe the robustness of the network’s activity. We develop a simple metric of robustness, i.e., the variances of the network phase relationships, and show that robustness is indeed restored simultaneously along with its stable network activity, indicating that, whatever the reorganization of the network entails, it is deep enough also to restore this important property.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory network spontaneously recovers both activity and robustness after prolonged removal of neuromodulators

More-Potdar,

Golowasch

2023

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The SCI-FAP is a valid, reliable, and responsive measure of walking skills for adults with SCI [13,14]. It has been used in research to validate multiple assessment tools [15,16] and to measure walking capacity during or after interventions [17][18][19][20][21]. The original SCI-FAP consists of seven tasks and it has been reduced to four tasks in the Modified SCI-FAP [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative reference values for Obstacles Test and Curb Test and their correlation with demographic characteristics: a cross-sectional study in Saudi children

Almass

Algabbani

Shaheen

et al. 2022

International Journal of Rehabilitation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Obstacles Test and Curb Test have been used to measure gait speed and functional balance in adults. Recently, they have been modified for use in children but the normative values have not been established. This requires correlating the sex, age, height, weight, and BMI% of children with the test results and developing prediction equations. In this cross-sectional study, the Obstacles Test and Curb Test were administered to a convenience sample of 240 typically developing children aged 6-11 years. The factors associated with the time to complete each test were studied and prediction equations were established. The completion times were 5.27 ± 0.81 s for the Obstacles Test and 2.82 ± 0.45 s for the Curb Test. The Obstacles Test showed a fair negative relationship with height (Pearson's r = −0.41, P < 0.001), age (r = −0.35, P < 0.001), and weight (r = −0.32, P < 0.05). The Curb Test also had fair negative correlations with height (r = −0.42, P < 0.001), age (r = −0.39, P < 0.001), and weight (r = −0.31, P < 0.001). Both tests showed poor correlations with the sex [eta (η) = 0.15 and 0.12, respectively]. Nonetheless, age and sex emerged as the main predictors of both test scores, accounting for 14% and 17% of the total variance in the Obstacles Test and Curb Test times, respectively. Normative values and prediction equations for both tests in typically developing children may be used for individual comparisons and in clinical research for the evaluation of interventions targeting disabled children.

show abstract

“…In iSCI patients training precision stepping has been shown to improve walking capacity measured with the SCI functional ambulation profile [SCI-FAP, ( 24 )]. More recently, however, Fox and colleagues concluded that the efficacy of gait adaptability training on walking and balance function should be further investigated ( 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait Stability Training in a Virtual Environment Improves Gait and Dynamic Balance Capacity in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Patients

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) have impaired gait and balance capacity, which may impact daily functioning. Reduced walking speed and impaired gait stability are considered important underlying factors for reduced daily functioning. With conventional therapy, patients are limited in training gait stability, but this can be trained on a treadmill in a virtual environment, such as with the Gait Real-time Analysis Interactive Lab (GRAIL). Our objective was to evaluate the effect of 6-weeks GRAIL-training on gait and dynamic balance in ambulatory iSCI patients. In addition, the long-term effect was assessed. Fifteen patients with chronic iSCI participated. The GRAIL training consisted of 12 one-hour training sessions during a 6-week period. Patients performed 2 minute walking tests on the GRAIL in a self-paced mode at the 2nd, and 3rd (baseline measurements) and at the 12th training session. Ten patients performed an additional measurement after 6 months. The primary outcome was walking speed. Secondary outcomes were stride length, stride frequency, step width, and balance confidence. In addition, biomechanical gait stability measures based on the position of the center of mass (CoM) or the extrapolated center of mass (XCoM) relative to the center of pressure (CoP) or the base of support (BoS) were derived: dynamic stability margin (DSM), XCoM-CoP distance in anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions, and CoM-CoP inclination angles in AP and ML directions. The effect of GRAIL-training was tested with a one-way repeated measures ANOVA (α = 0.05) and post-hoc paired samples t-tests (α = 0.017). Walking speed was higher after GRAIL training (1.04 m/s) compared to both baseline measurements (0.85 and 0.93 m/s) (p < 0.001). Significant improvements were also found for stride length (p < 0.001) and stability measures in AP direction (XCoM-CoPAP (p < 0.001) and CoM-CoPAP−angle (p < 0.001)). Stride frequency (p = 0.27), step width (p = 0.19), and stability measures DSM (p = 0.06), XCoM-CoPML (p = 0.97), and CoM-CoPML−angle (p = 0.69) did not improve. Balance confidence was increased after GRAIL training (p = 0.001). The effects were remained at 6 months. Increased walking speed, stride length, AP gait stability, and balance confidence suggest that GRAIL-training improves gait and dynamic balance in patients with chronic iSCI. In contrast, stability measures in ML direction did not respond to GRAIL-training.

show abstract

Retraining walking adaptability following incomplete spinal cord injury

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Oscillatory network spontaneously recovers both activity and robustness after prolonged removal of neuromodulators

Oscillatory network spontaneously recovers both activity and robustness after prolonged removal of neuromodulators

Normative reference values for Obstacles Test and Curb Test and their correlation with demographic characteristics: a cross-sectional study in Saudi children

Gait Stability Training in a Virtual Environment Improves Gait and Dynamic Balance Capacity in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About