Retraction: Representation of Dephosphorization Ability for CaO–Containing Slags Based on the Ion and Molecule Coexistence Theory

Abstract

A thermodynamic model for calculating phosphorous distribution between several slag systems and hot metal has been developed by coupling with a developed thermodynamic model for calculating mass action concentrations of iron oxides based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory (IMCT). The calculated mass action concentrations of iron oxides in the several CaO-containing slags can be applied to represent reaction ability of iron oxides, like classic concept of activity. The developed thermodynamic model for calculating phosphorus distribution can quantitatively calculate the respective contribution of free components, and the sum of the respective contribution of free components. The comparison of the calculated total phosphorous distribution with all available measured phosphorous distribution reported in literatures shows that the agreement between the calculated total phosphorous distribution and measured phosphorous distribution is good. This reliable agreement indicates that the IMCT-LP model can be successfully applied to predict the phosphorous distribution for CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-P2O5 slags, CaO-SiO2-FeOFe2O3-P2O5 slags, CaO-SiO2-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-P2O5 slags, CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO-P2O5 slags, CaO-SiO2-FeO-Fe2O3-MgO-P2O5 slags and CaO-SiO2-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-MnO-P2O5 slags in a temperature range from 1 823 K to 1 973 K.

Controlling oxygen content in electro-slag remelting steel by optimizing slag-steel reaction process

“…The ion-molecular coexistence theory is considered as an effective method for predicting the activity of slag components [15][16][17][18] . However, for the thermodynamic calculation of deoxidation and the thermodynamic equilibrium between metal and metl of oxides, there are still some limitations [19,20] .…”