Retraction Note to: Role of p16 gene promoter methylation in gastric carcinogenesis: a meta-analysis

Abstract

The Publisher and Editor retract this article in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee on Publica tion Ethics (COPE). After a thorough investigation we have strong reason to believe that the peer review process was compromised.

Guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Italy: The III Working Group Consensus Report 2015

“…Two recent meta-analyses confirmed HP as a strong risk factor for gastric cancer (82,83), There is strong evidence that HP exerts a direct mutagenic effects in animal models and cell lines (84,85). The bacterium has developed strategies to damage the DNA of gastric epithelium cells, thus contributing to the development of gastric neoplasia.…”

“…The bacterium has developed strategies to damage the DNA of gastric epithelium cells, thus contributing to the development of gastric neoplasia. The genotoxic properties of HP are the result of inflammatory cells chronically infiltrating the gastric mucosa generating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that may damage cell DNA, involving the activation of bacterial virulent factors, such as urease, CagA and VacA (84,85). In this respect, the gastric tumourigenic pathway is similar to that of other tumours caused by chronic inflammation.…”

GALC gene is downregulated by promoter hypermethylation in Epstein-Barr virus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma

“…Experiments on DNA methylation of cancer-related genes have suggested that promoter hypermethylation is a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and a therapeutic target in cancer (12)(13)(14). We report that GALC is downregulated in NPC, and that promoter hypermethylation contributes to the loss of GALC expression.…”

“…The GALC gene is located at 14q31, has 17 exons and 16 introns of an approximate size of 60 kb (6). Aberrant methylation in the promoters of tumor-related genes is closely associated with epigenetically mediated gene silencing (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). DNA hypermethylation in the promoter region has been reported in NPC (7)(8)(9)(10).…”

“…DNA methylation in cancer-related genes can be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for prostate cancer (12). It has been reported that p16 promoter methylation is a promising potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer (13). A potential biomarker panel assessing the hypermethylation of six gene promoters holds great promise as a diagnostic test for high-grade (type II) serous ovarian cancer (14).…”