Retraction ATPase Motors from Three Orthologous Type IVa Pilus Systems Support Promiscuous Retraction of the Vibrio cholerae Competence Pilus

Couser, Evan; Chlebek, Jennifer L.; Dalia, Ankur B.

doi:10.1128/jb.00126-22

J Bacteriol

2022

DOI: 10.1128/jb.00126-22

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Retraction ATPase Motors from Three Orthologous Type IVa Pilus Systems Support Promiscuous Retraction of the Vibrio cholerae Competence Pilus

Evan Couser

Jennifer L. Chlebek

Ankur B. Dalia

Abstract: One way in which bacteria interact with their environments is via hair-like appendages called type IVa pili (T4aP). These appendages dynamically extend and retract from the cell surface via the action of distinct ATPase motors.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

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Type IV pili of Enterobacteriaceae species

Little,

Singh,

Zhao

et al. 2024

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Type IV pili (T4Ps) are surface filaments widely distributed among bacteria and archaea. T4Ps are involved in many cellular functions and contribute to virulence in some species of bacteria. Due to the diversity of T4Ps, different properties have been observed for homologous proteins that make up T4Ps in various organisms. In this review, we highlight the essential components of T4Ps, their functions, and similarities to related systems. We emphasize the unique T4Ps of enteric pathogens within the Enterobacteriaceae family, which includes pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella . These include the bundle-forming pilus (BFP) of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), longus (Lng) and colonization factor III (CFA/III) of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), T4P of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Colonization Factor Citrobacter (CFC) of Citrobacter rodentium , T4P of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis , a ubiquitous T4P that was characterized in enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), and the R64 plasmid thin pilus. Finally, we highlight areas for further study.

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Type IV pili of Enterobacteriaceae species

Little,

Singh,

Zhao

et al. 2024

EcoSal Plus

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A bacterial sense of touch: T4P retraction motor as a means of surface sensing by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14

Geiger,

Wong,

O'Toole

2024

J Bacteriol

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Most microbial cells found in nature exist in matrix-covered, surface-attached communities known as biofilms. This mode of growth is initiated by the ability of the microbe to sense a surface on which to grow. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Pa ) PA14 utilizes a single polar flagellum and type 4 pili (T4P) to sense surfaces. For Pa , T4P-dependent “twitching” motility is characterized by effectively pulling the cell across a surface through a complex process of cooperative binding, pulling, and unbinding. T4P retraction is powered by hexameric ATPases. Pa cells that have engaged a surface increase production of the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) over multiple generations via the Pil-Chp system. This rise in cAMP allows cells and their progeny to become better adapted for surface attachment and activates virulence pathways through the cAMP-binding transcription factor Vfr. While many studies have focused on mechanisms of T4P twitching and regulation of T4P production and function by the Pil-Chp system, the mechanism by which Pa senses and relays a surface-engagement signal to the cell is still an open question. Here we review the current state of the surface sensing literature for Pa , with a focus on T4P, and propose an integrated model of surface sensing whereby the retraction motor PilT senses and relays the signal to the Pil-Chp system via PilJ to drive cAMP production and adaptation to a surface lifestyle.

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Retraction ATPase Motors from Three Orthologous Type IVa Pilus Systems Support Promiscuous Retraction of the Vibrio cholerae Competence Pilus

Abstract: One way in which bacteria interact with their environments is via hair-like appendages called type IVa pili (T4aP). These appendages dynamically extend and retract from the cell surface via the action of distinct ATPase motors.

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Type IV pili of Enterobacteriaceae species

Type IV pili of Enterobacteriaceae species

A bacterial sense of touch: T4P retraction motor as a means of surface sensing by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14

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