RETRACTED: XMRV is present in malignant prostatic epithelium and is associated with prostate cancer, especially high-grade tumors

Salais, Robert; Choe, Daniel J.; Brown, Kristy; Thaker, Harshwardhan M.; Singh, Ila R.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0906922106

Cited by 255 publications

(400 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A high prevalence of XMRV has been reported in patients with prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in the USA (Urisman et al, 2006;Schlaberg et al, 2009;Arnold et al, 2010). But, in Europe (Fischer et al, 2008;Hohn et al, 2009;Verhaegh et al, 2011), the USA, and recent study in Australia detection of XMRV in prostate (Aloia et al, 2010;Switzer et al, 2010;Rezaei et al, 2013), and breast cancer tissues (Khan et al, 2012) have been failed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schlaberg et al (2009) in USA showed higher prevalence of XMRV DNA by PCR (6%) and viral proteins by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (23%) in tissues from prostate cancers in comparison to noncancerous controls (Schlaberg et al, 2009). A similar study reported, a 22% XMRV prevalence in prostate cancers from Texas but the virus was found in both tumor and non-tumor tissues (Danielson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Since original report, some researchers have detected XMRV in human prostate cancers, while others did not (Schlaberg et al, 2009;Arnold et al, 2010;Danielson et al, 2010;Verhaegh et al, 2011). Schlaberg et al (2009) in USA showed higher prevalence of XMRV DNA by PCR (6%) and viral proteins by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (23%) in tissues from prostate cancers in comparison to noncancerous controls (Schlaberg et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No Detection of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Viruses in Prostate Cancer in Sanandaj, West of Iran

Khodabandehloo

Hosseini²,

Rahmani³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14 (11), 6929-6933 IntroductionProstate cancer is the most common malignancy in men worldwide (Groom et al., 2012). The annual incidence rates of prostate cancer among Iranian population are dramatically higher than in other countries of Asia (Akbari et al., 2008). Multiple etiologies have been hypothesized for the cause of prostate cancers, including genetic defects, infectious agents and associated inflammation (Silverman et al., 2010). Identification of a potential virus as the cause of prostate cancer is very important because it could facilitate management of this disease such as treatment and prevention. A recently described retrovirus, the xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) was detected in about 40% of familial prostate cancer using a DNA microarray (Virochip) containing oligonucleotides comprising conserved sequences from known viral genomes and was strongly associated with homozygosity for the R462Q reduced activity, a variant of the antiviral enzyme, RNase L (Urisman et al., 2006).Murine leukemia viruses (MLVs) belong to gammaretroviruses in the retroviridae family, which viral RNA is reverse-transcribed to DNA during replication. They are endogenous viruses that have integrated their provirus DNA into the mouse genome and can cause leukemias, lymphomas, neurologic diseases, and has been reported to be detected in prostate cancer. However, this virus has not been detected in similar groups of patients in other studies. Herein, we sought to detect XMRV in prostate cancers and benign controls in Sanandaj, west of Iran. Materials and Methods: In a case-control study, genomic DNA was extracted from formalin fixed and paraffin embedded prostate tissues from a total of 163 Iranian patients. We developed a conventional and a nested PCR assay using primers targeting to an env specific sequence of XMRV. PCR assays were carried out on 63 prostate cancers and 100 benign prostate hyperplasias. Results: Beta-actin sequences were successfully detected in the DNA extracts from all prostate tissues, confirming DNA extraction integrity. We did not detect XMRV in samples either from prostate cancers or benign prostate hyperplasias using XMRV specific primers. Conclusions: We conclude that in our population XMRV does not play a role in genesis of prostate cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No Detection of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Viruses in Prostate Cancer in Sanandaj, West of Iran

Khodabandehloo

Hosseini²,

Rahmani³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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show abstract

“…As found in the epidemiological studies, there were diverse associations between Arg462Gln polymorphism and prostate cancer in sporadic and familial prostate cases (3,5,(8)(9)(10). Therefore, in this study we evaluated the association between this polymorphism and prostate cancer in a cross-sectional study.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each paraffin block was cut at 10μm and collected in 1.5 mL autoclaved plastic micro tubes) (9). Ten sections were placed in each micro tube.…”

Section: Molecular Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

R462Q Mutation in Prostate Cancer Specimens

et al. 2014

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Background: A candidate gene for hereditary prostate cancer (PC), recently identified is the RNASEL gene on the chromosome loci 1q25. This gene mediates the apoptotic and antiviral activities of interferon. In some studies, a significant relationship has been reported between the chromosome 1q24-25 (HPC1) and prostate cancer risk, while some other studies did not approve. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the association between R462Q mutation and prostate cancer in a cross-sectional study. Patients and Methods: One hundred twenty one samples from 51 patients with sporadic PC and 70 patients with non-cancerous prostate were screened for the R462Q mutation. All samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded. The samples were investigated by the use of amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) PCR, followed by gel electrophoresis. To analyze the data the Fisher's exact and Chisquare tests were used. Statistical analyses were performed, using SPSS 17 software program. Results: The present study findings showed that RR, RQ and QQ genotypes compromised 82, 14, and 4% of the cancerous samples and 87, 13 and 0 % of the non-cancerous samples, respectively. Conclusions: We did not find any association between the RNASEL Arg462Gln polymorphism and prostate cancer. Based on these results the RNASEL Gln/Gln genotype does not play an important role in the etiology of sporadic prostate cancer, in the general population. However, additional studies with bigger sample sizes are needed to more clearly explain the role of RNASEL mutations in hereditary prostate cancer.

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Circumcision and the risk of prostate cancer

Wright

Lin

Stanford

2012

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Several lines of evidence support a role for infectious agents in the development of prostate cancer (PCa). In particular, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been implicated in PCa etiology, and studies have found that the risk of acquiring a STI can be reduced with circumcision. Therefore, circumcision may reduce PCa risk. METHODS: Participant data collected as part of 2 population‐based case‐control studies of PCa were analyzed. Self‐reported circumcision status, age at circumcision, and age at first sexual intercourse were recorded along with a history of STIs or prostatitis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the relative risk of PCa by circumcision status. RESULTS: Data from 1754 cases and 1645 controls were available. Circumcision before first sexual intercourse was associated with a 15% reduction in risk of PCa compared to that of uncircumcised men (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73‐0.99). This risk reduction was observed for cases with both less aggressive (odds ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74‐1.04) and more aggressive (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66‐1.00) PCa features. CONCLUSIONS: Circumcision before first sexual intercourse is associated with a reduction in the relative risk of PCa in this study population. These findings are consistent with research supporting the infectious/inflammation pathway in prostate carcinogenesis. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.

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RETRACTED: XMRV is present in malignant prostatic epithelium and is associated with prostate cancer, especially high-grade tumors

Cited by 255 publications

References 21 publications

No Detection of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Viruses in Prostate Cancer in Sanandaj, West of Iran

No Detection of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Viruses in Prostate Cancer in Sanandaj, West of Iran

R462Q Mutation in Prostate Cancer Specimens

Circumcision and the risk of prostate cancer

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