RETRACTED: Vitexin alleviates ox-LDL-mediated endothelial injury by inducing autophagy via AMPK signaling activation

Zhang, Shaoli; Guo, Chang-Jun; Chen, Zhigang; Zhang, Peiyong; Li, Jianhua; Li, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.020

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The extract was able to protect cells from ox‐LDL‐induced cell death after 48 hr (Figure 3c), which was not observed after 72 hr (Figure 3d) possibly due to the instability of the phenolic antioxidant compounds in the extract, suggesting an optimal time of action in these conditions and a cardiovascular protective effect. Polyphenols such as resveratrol (Zhang et al, ), vitexin (Zhang et al, ), and others like those present in propolis processed by bees (Chang, Yuan, Wu, Yin, & Xuan, ), attenuated the cell injury caused by ox‐LDL‐mediated oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of beet (Beta vulgaris) leaves extract against oxidative stress in endothelial cells in vitro

Silva

Morelli

Pavan

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Beetroot is an herb used worldwide as a food product, raw material for food industry, ethanol production and source of food coloring. Beet leaves are an unconventional food with antioxidant properties, which might neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by oxidized Low‐Density Lipoprotein (LDL) present in dyslipidemias. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of beet leaves on the suppression of LDL oxidative processes. Beet leaves extract was produced, characterized, and tested for its antioxidant capacity using endothelial cells in vitro. A model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was used in various tests, including viability assay, molecular analysis of antioxidant genes, ROS labeling, and macrophage adhesion assay. The extract improved the antioxidative protection of endothelial cells against different agents including oxidized LDL‐cholesterol and H2O2. It acted on ROS directly due to its high content of natural antioxidants, but also due to the activation and improvement of cellular defenses such as Superoxide dismutase 1, Superoxide dismutase 2, and catalase. The inhibition of LDL‐mediated oxidative effects on endothelial cells may turn this unconventional food a functional food with great potential for phytotherapy of atherosclerosis as an adjuvant for medicinal treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of beet (Beta vulgaris) leaves extract against oxidative stress in endothelial cells in vitro

Silva

Morelli

Pavan

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Under conditions of chronic inflammation, sustained activation of ECs by inflammatory stimuli causes alterations in normal endothelial function, resulting in endothelial dysfunction which has been considered to be the basis and initial step of atherosclerosis, the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases [34,35]. Several studies have shown that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced endothelial cell injury by changing proinflammatory gene expression [36,37]. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that Gal-3 aggravated ox-LDL-mediated endothelial injury by inducing inflammation [38,39].…”

Section: Gal-3 and Endothelial Dysfunction Endothelial Cells (Ecs) Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galectin-3 Is a Potential Mediator for Atherosclerosis

Gao

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Journal of Immunology Research

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Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory arterial disease forming the pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. Numerous studies have implicated inflammation as a key player in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a 30 kDa β-galactose, highly conserved and widely distributed intracellularly and extracellularly. Gal-3 has been demonstrated in recent years to be a novel inflammatory factor participating in the process of intravascular inflammation, lipid endocytosis, macrophage activation, cellular proliferation, monocyte chemotaxis, and cell adhesion. This review focuses on the role of Gal-3 in atherosclerosis and the mechanism involved and several classical Gal-3 agonists and antagonists in the current studies.

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“…Although other groups have previously published that FD at higher concentrations (50 to 100 μg/ml) led to a reduction in IL-6 protein expression [23]. Zhang et al reported that vitexin, the main flavonoid found in FD improves oxidised lowdensity lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial dysfunction by inducing autophagy via AMPK signalling [24]. All FD varieties significantly downregulated ICAM-1 protein expression in almost all concentrations, however, its inhibition in terms of gene expression at certain concentrations was not significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ficus deltoidea suppresses endothelial activation, inflammation, monocytes adhesion and oxidative stress via NF-κB and eNOS pathways in stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells

Ariff

Bakar

Muid

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Ficus deltoidea (FD) has been shown to have antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant properties. However, its effects on key events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are unknown. Aim: To investigate the endothelial activation, inflammation, monocyte-endothelial cell binding and oxidative stress effects of four FD varieties. Methods: Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were incubated with different concentrations of aqueous ethanolic extracts of FD var. trengganuensis (FDT), var. kunstleri (FDK), var. deltoidea (FDD) and var. intermedia (FDI), together with LPS. Protein and gene expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-selectin), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p50 and p65 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were measured using ELISA and QuantiGene plex, respectively. Adhesion of monocyte to HCAEC and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by Rose Bengal staining and 2′-7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Results: FDK exhibited the highest inhibition of biomarkers in relation to endothelial activation and inflammation, second in reducing monocyte binding (17.3%) compared to other varieties. FDK (25.6%) was also the most potent at decreasing ROS production. Conclusion: FD has anti-atherogenic effects, possibly mediated by NF-κB and eNOS pathways; with FDK being the most potent variety. It is potentially beneficial in mitigating atherogenesis.

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RETRACTED: Vitexin alleviates ox-LDL-mediated endothelial injury by inducing autophagy via AMPK signaling activation

Cited by 44 publications

References 44 publications

Protective effects of beet (Beta vulgaris) leaves extract against oxidative stress in endothelial cells in vitro

Protective effects of beet (Beta vulgaris) leaves extract against oxidative stress in endothelial cells in vitro

Galectin-3 Is a Potential Mediator for Atherosclerosis

Ficus deltoidea suppresses endothelial activation, inflammation, monocytes adhesion and oxidative stress via NF-κB and eNOS pathways in stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells

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