RETRACTED: Sung et al. Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain on Recombinant B. subtilis on Spore Surface: A Potential COVID-19 Oral Vaccine Candidate. Vaccines 2022, 10, 2

Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau; Liu, Ying; Wu, Kam-Chau; Choi, Man-Chung; Ho-Yi, Chloe; Lin, Jayman; He, Emily Isabel Cheng; Leung, David; Sze, Eric Tung-Po; Hamied, Yusuf Khwaja; Lam, Dominic Man‐Kit; Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung

doi:10.3390/vaccines10111852

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

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“…Also, bacterial spores have been proposed for oral delivery of the Covid-19 vaccine. In particular, Bacillus subtilis recombinant spores expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain have been developed and shown to increase specific neutralizing antibodies when orally administrated to mice or healthy human volunteers [28]. The utilization of B. subtilis spores to display heterologous antigens has been extensively reported since its first successful application in 2001 by Isticato et al and will be the focus of this review [29].…”

Section: Bacterial Spores As Mucosal Vaccine Delivery Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines

Isticato¹

2023

Preprint

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Mucosal vaccines offer several advantages over injectable conventional vaccines, such as adaptive immunity induction, secretory IgA production at the entry site of most pathogens, and needleless vaccinations. Despite their potential, only a few mucosal vaccines are currently used. Developing new effective mucosal vaccines strongly relies on identifying innovative anti-gens, efficient adjuvants, and delivery systems. Several approaches based on phages, bacteria, or nanoparticles have been proposed to deliver antigens to mucosal surfaces. Bacterial spores have also been considered antigen vehicles, and various antigens have been successfully exposed on their surface. Due to their peculiar structure, the spores conjugate the advantages of live microorganisms with synthetic nanoparticles. When mucosally administered, spores expressing anti-gens have been shown to induce antigen-specific, protective immune responses. This review accounts for recent progress in the formulation of spore-based mucosal vaccines, describing the spore's structure, specifically the spore surface, and the diverse approaches developed to improve its efficiency as a vehicle for heterologous antigen presentation.

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Section: Bacterial Spores As Mucosal Vaccine Delivery Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines

Isticato¹

2023

Preprint

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Advancement of Engineered Bacteria for Orally Delivered Therapeutics

Guo

Wang

Yue

et al. 2023

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The use of bacteria and their biotic components as therapeutics has shown great potential in the treatment of diseases. Orally delivered bacteria improve patient compliance compared with injection‐administered bacteria and are considered the preferred mode. However, due to the harsh gastrointestinal environment, the viability and therapeutic efficacy of orally delivered bacteria are significantly reduced in vivo. In recent years, with the rapid development of synthetic biology and nanotechnology, bacteria and biotic components have been engineered to achieve directed genetic reprogramming for construction and precise spatiotemporal control in the gastrointestinal tract, which can improve viability and therapeutic efficiency. Herein, a state‐of‐the‐art review on the current progress of engineered bacterial systems for oral delivery is provided. The different types of bacterial and biotic components for oral administration are first summarized. The engineering strategies of these bacteria and biotic components and their treatment of diseases are next systematically summarized. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of these bacterial therapeutics are highlighted that will contribute to the development of next‐generation orally delivered bacteriotherapy.

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An updated review on oral protein-based antigen vaccines efficiency and delivery approaches: a special attention to infectious diseases

2023

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RETRACTED: Sung et al. Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain on Recombinant B. subtilis on Spore Surface: A Potential COVID-19 Oral Vaccine Candidate. Vaccines 2022, 10, 2

Abstract: The journal retracts the article “Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor Binding Domain on Recombinant B. subtilis on Spore Surface: A Potential COVID-19 Oral Vaccine Candidate” [...]

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines

Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines

Advancement of Engineered Bacteria for Orally Delivered Therapeutics

An updated review on oral protein-based antigen vaccines efficiency and delivery approaches: a special attention to infectious diseases

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