RETRACTED: Photocurrent enhancement by Ni2+ and Zn2+ ion doped in SnO2 nanoparticles in highly porous dye-sensitized solar cells

Shalan, Ahmed Esmail; Rasly, M.; Osama, I.; Rashad, M.M.; Ibrahim, I. A.

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.03.152

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This result can be ascribed to the decrease in the extended to localized state transitions resulting from the band tails formed owing to defects or disorders. 36 The change in the degree of crystallinity of the composite framework was followed by a moderate change in the absorption edges, as will be discussed while describing the optical properties. Moreover, Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The FTO/TiO 2 blocking layer/Zn 1Àx Sn x O layer was immersed in N719 dye for almost one night, as described elsewhere. 36,37 Following the formation of the dye layer, a spiro-OMETD HEL was deposited with spin-coating. 38 The cells' fabrication was completed with the deposition of Al back contact via thermal evaporation in a vacuum chamber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn_1−xSn_xO nanocomposite photoanodes

et al. 2018

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Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ss-DSSCs) comprising Sn 2+ -substituted ZnO nanopowder were purposefully tailored via a co-precipitation method. The solar cells assembled in this work were sensitized with N719 ruthenium dye and insinuated with spiro-OMeTAD as a solid hole transport layer (HTL). Evidently, significant enhancement in cell efficiency was accomplished with Sn 2+ ions-substituted ZnO photoelectrodes by maintaining the weight ratio of SnO at 5%. The overall power conversion efficiency was improved from 3.0% for the cell with pure ZnO to 4.3% for the cell with 5% SnO substitution. The improvement in the cell efficiency with Sn 2+ -substituted ZnO photoelectrodes is attributed to the considerably large surface area of the nanopowders for dye adsorption, efficient charge separation and the suppression of charge recombination provided by SnO. Furthermore, the energy distinction between the conduction band edges of SnO and ZnO implied a type II band alignment.Moreover, the durability as well as the stability of 15 assembled cells were studied to show the outstanding long-term stability of the devices made of Sn 2+ ion substituted ZnO, and the PCE of each cell remained stable and $96% of its primary value was retained for up to 100 h. Subsequently, the efficacy was drastically reduced to $35% after 250 h of storage. IntroductionGenerally, the most abundant source of renewable energy is solar energy. 1 To date, single and polycrystalline silicon solar cell technologies have dominated the solar cell market, representing an 80% share.2 However, their growth and mass production are restricted because of their high cost, large energy consumption and contamination generated from silicon-based solar cell fabrication. Therefore, many researchers have developed relatively inexpensive and eco-friendly dyesensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as a substitute for these devices.3 In this context, dye sensitized solar cells are the most favorable devices for efficient conversion of light to electricity because of their low production expenditure and simple fabrication.4-7 To date, the certied efficiency record for DSSCs is approximately 11.1% for a small cell, and large-scale tests have evidenced the great need for their commercialization. Furthermore, these cells are heavy, prone to leakage and have complex chemistry. 9,10 Accordingly, many attempts have been focused on the use of solid-state hole transporting materials (HTMs) to achieve practicability of DSSCs. In this regard, there are many different hole transport materials (conjugated polymers) including pentacene, 11 poly(triphenyldiamine), 12 polythiophene, 13 and poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), 14 which can induce charge carrier generation in ss-DSSCs. The most widely utilized hole transfer layer (HTL) is 2,2 0 ,7,7 0 -tetrakis-(N,N-di-pmethoxyphenylamine)-9,9 0 -spirobiuorene, also known as a spiro-MeOTAD, 15 due to its ability to be deposited from solution using different techniques. In 1998, the rst solid-state DSSCs were developed by Bach et al.;16 they d...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn_1−xSn_xO nanocomposite photoanodes

et al. 2018

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“…Compounds containing Pt and Sn have been used as electrocatalysts for the counter electrodes (CEs) of dyesensitized solar cells (DSSCs) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] as well as for applications such as methanol or ethanol oxidation [10], dehydrogenation [11], gas sensing [12][13][14], 3D electrodes [15], supercapacitors [16], and batteries [17]. Pt is commonly used as a catalyst because of its superior stability and catalytic ability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of ultrashort (< 1 min) calcination processes for conversion of Pt–SnOx from mixture of chloroplatinic acid and tin(II) chloride

et al. 2019

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We investigate the ultrashort (< 1 min) calcination process for Pt-SnO x catalysts converted from a mixture solution of chloroplatinic acid and tin(II) chloride in air. An electric furnace is used to test the ultrashort calcination of Pt-SnO x catalysts used as counter electrodes (CEs) of DSSCs. By using a conventional electric furnace instead of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (Metals 8:690, 2018), the effect of reactive plasma species can be ruled out, and only the bare thermal effect is considered in this study. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that Pt-SnO x nanoparticles are well-distributed on the substrates. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates the conversion of a large amount of metallic Pt and oxidized Sn. No metallic Pt is observed with 5-s calcination; however, ~ 74% Pt is converted into metallic Pt with 15-s calcination. Further increasing the calcination time does not increase the conversion rate of metallic Pt. By contrast, metallic Sn shows its maximum conversion rate of ~ 18% with 30-s calcination. Further increasing the calcination time to 30 min reduces the metallic Sn content to ~ 6%, possibly owing to Sn re-oxidation. When applying Pt-SnO x catalysts to CEs of DSSCs, the efficiency greatly increases as the calcination time increases from 15 to 30 s. The efficiency remains relatively unchanged for calcination time of 60 s to 30 min. The efficiencies of DSSCs with a Pt-SnO x CE calcined at longer processing times (≥ 60 s) are comparable to those of DSSCs with conventional Pt CEs.

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“…All the produced nanopowders were highly transparent with the surfactant additives; the high transparency of the produced powder is attributed to the generation of donor levels accompanying an addition of surfactants. The change of transmittance with these additives was improved because the absorption energy gap and the number of donor levels are changed[40].…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanostructured ZnO photocatalysts prepared via surfactant assisted Co-Precipitation method achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue dyes

El-Shazly

Rashad

Abdel-Aal

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

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RETRACTED: Photocurrent enhancement by Ni2+ and Zn2+ ion doped in SnO2 nanoparticles in highly porous dye-sensitized solar cells

Cited by 47 publications

References 39 publications

Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn_1−xSn_xO nanocomposite photoanodes

Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn_1−xSn_xO nanocomposite photoanodes

Investigation of ultrashort (< 1 min) calcination processes for conversion of Pt–SnOx from mixture of chloroplatinic acid and tin(II) chloride

Nanostructured ZnO photocatalysts prepared via surfactant assisted Co-Precipitation method achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue dyes

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RETRACTED: Photocurrent enhancement by Ni2+ and Zn2+ ion doped in SnO2 nanoparticles in highly porous dye-sensitized solar cells

Cited by 47 publications

References 39 publications

Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn1−xSnxO nanocomposite photoanodes

Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn1−xSnxO nanocomposite photoanodes

Investigation of ultrashort (< 1 min) calcination processes for conversion of Pt–SnOx from mixture of chloroplatinic acid and tin(II) chloride

Nanostructured ZnO photocatalysts prepared via surfactant assisted Co-Precipitation method achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue dyes

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Product

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Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn_1−xSn_xO nanocomposite photoanodes

Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells based on Zn_1−xSn_xO nanocomposite photoanodes