RETRACTED: MtDNA polymorphism analyses in the Chinese Mongolian group: Efficiency evaluation and further matrilineal genetic structure exploration

Abstract

BackgroundProfiling of mitochondrial DNA is surely to provide valuable investigative clues for forensic cases involving highly degraded specimens or complex maternal lineage kinship determination. But traditionally used hypervariable region sequencing of mitochondrial DNA is less frequently suggested by the forensic community for insufficient informativeness. Genome‐wide sequencing of mitochondrial DNA can provide considerable amount of variant information but can be high cost at the same time.MethodsEfficiency of the 60 mitochondrial DNA polymorphic sites dispersing across the control region and coding region of mitochondrial DNA genome was evaluated with 106 Mongolians recruited from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China, and allele‐specific PCR technique was employed for mitochondrial DNA typing.ResultsAltogether 58 haplotypes were observed and the haplotypic diversity, discrimination power and random match probability were calculated to be 0.981, 0.972, and 0.028, respectively. Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup affiliation exhibited an exceeding percentage (12.26%) of west Eurasian lineage (H haplogroup) in the studied Mongolian group, which needed to be further verified with more samples. Furthermore, the genetic relationships between the Xinjiang Mongolian group and the comparison populations were also investigated and the genetic affinity was discovered between the Xinjiang Mongolian group and the Xinjiang Kazak group in this study.ConclusionIt was indicated that the panel was potentially enough to be used as a supplementary tool for forensic applications. And the matrilineal genetic structure analyses based on mitochondrial DNA variants in the Xinjiang Mongolian group could be helpful for subsequent anthropological studies.

A set of novel multi‐allelic SNPs for forensic application developed through massively parallel sequencing and its examples of population genetic studies

“…Pairwise F ST values shed light on that the genetic affinity between CMX and CKX groups was most intimate in comparisons with existing pairwise population combinations that included CKX or CMX groups. It was accordance with previous research results employing matrilineal mitochondrial DNA haplogroups [50] and Y-Chromosome DNA haplotypes [51]. The historical fact that the Kazakh nationality settlement used to be a nomadic land for the Mongolians (http://www.china.org.cn/e-groups/shaoshu/shao-2kazak.htm), and the genetic exchanges between Mongolians and Kazakhs during different historical periods also supported this conclusion [51,52].…”

Whole Mitochondrial Genome Analysis of the Daur Ethnic Minority from Hulunbuir of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

“…For example, haplogroup D4j (2.87% in this study) demonstrated a more southern geographic distribution, and haplogroup D4e4a (0.48% in this study) was mostly found in the Subarctic and Arctic regions [44]. According to previous studies, haplogroups B (10% in this study) and G (10.54% in this study) are also frequent in Mongolic-speaking groups [39,45].…”

The Genetic Structure of Chinese Hui Ethnic Group Revealed by Complete Mitochondrial Genome Analyses Using Massively Parallel Sequencing

“…The haplogroup M7 (6.12%) was mainly found in East Asia and Southeast Asia [ 23 , 26 , 29 ]. It was also worth noting that the haplogroup G (7.14%) with its sub-haplogroup G2 was reported to exhibit high frequencies in Mongolic- or Turkic-speaking populations [ 30 , 31 ].…”