[Retracted] Modulation of Signal Proteins: A Plausible Mechanism to Explain How a Potentized Drug Secale Cor 30C Diluted beyond Avogadro′s Limit Combats Skin Papilloma in Mice

Abstract

In homeopathy, ability of ultra-high diluted drugs at or above potency 12C (diluted beyond Avogadro's limit) in ameliorating/curing various diseases is often questioned, particularly because the mechanism of action is not precisely known. We tested the hypothesis if suitable modulations of signal proteins could be one of the possible pathways of action of a highly diluted homeopathic drug, Secale cornutum 30C (diluted 1060 times; Sec cor 30). It could successfully combat DMBA + croton oil-induced skin papilloma in mice as evidenced by histological, cytogenetical, immunofluorescence, ELISA and immunoblot findings. Critical analysis of several signal proteins like AhR, PCNA, Akt, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, NF-κB and IL-6 and of pro-apoptotic proteins like cytochrome c, Bax, Bad, Apaf, caspase-3 and -9 revealed that Sec cor 30 suitably modulated their expression levels along with amelioration of skin papilloma. FACS data also suggested an increase of cell population at S and G2 phases and decrease in sub-G1 and G1 phages in carcinogen-treated drug-unfed mice, but these were found to be near normal in the Sec cor 30-fed mice. There was reduction in genotoxic and DNA damages in bone marrow cells of Sec Cor 30-fed mice, as revealed from cytogenetic and Comet assays. Changes in histological features of skin papilloma were noted. Immunofluorescence studies of AhR and PCNA also suggested reduced expression of these proteins in Sec cor 30-fed mice, thereby showing its anti-cancer potentials against skin papilloma. Furthermore, this study also supports the hypothesis that potentized homeopathic drugs act at gene regulatory level.

A Generalized Concept of Medicine Emerging from Homoeo-Research Incorporating Quantum Electro-Dynamics

“…In some other experiments they got the evidence of 'modulation of signal proteins' [62]. Both are mechanisms of action of high dilution homoeo-medicines, variation depending on the case.…”

Integrative Nanomedicine: treating Cancer with Nanoscale Natural Products

“…Modern nanomedicine could benefit from these real-world homeopathic experiences with nanoparticle-based clinical practice. Multiple studies on cancer cell cultures and animals indicate that both modern nanomedicines and homeopathic remedies have beneficial effects in vitro and in animals toward promoting apoptosis and modulating biological signaling pathways to limit cancer cell growth 115 - 117 . Accelerating targeted research and identifying optimal treatments for people with cancer could result.…”

Nonlinear Response Amplification Mechanisms for Low Doses of Natural Product Nanomedicines: Dynamical Interactions with the Recipient Complex Adaptive System

“…As a result, nano-drugs and natural products can elicit changes in cells and distant parts of an organism not obvious from a bulk medicine focus on only local inhibitory effects for specific symptoms [69]. These concepts imply the importance of the salience of an NP as a potential danger signal, or therapeutic stimulus, for the organism as a whole, especially at low doses [21,92].…”

“…As a result, nano-drugs and natural products can elicit changes in cells and distant parts of an organism not obvious from a bulk medicine focus on only local inhibitory effects for specific symptoms [69]. These concepts imply the importance of the salience of an NP as a potential danger signal, or therapeutic stimulus, for the organism as a whole, especially at low doses [21,92].Complexity in the nonlinear dynamics and functional organization of an intact cell or organism involves multiple interdependent and interactive functional relationships that can lead to indirect effects throughout the larger system [68,69,93,94]. The magnitude of those effects is nonlinear, i.e., it can be disportionately larger than the magnitude of the original stimulus [62][63][64].…”