RETRACTED: Minimizing cosecant-squared pattern side lobe level of linear array antenna by genetic algorithm and optimizing feed network

Sharifi, Mehdi; Rezaei, Pejman

doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2021.154076

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In recent years, the research community has turned to various soft computing techniques to facilitate the development and evaluation of antennas, aimed at accelerating the design process. Among these techniques, artificial neural networks (ANN) have emerged as a promising avenue for addressing these challenges [17,18], adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS ) [19][20][21], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [22], genetic algorithm (GA) [23], and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) [24]. This paper introduces a streamlined and compact cross-shaped slot broadband antenna, complemented by a 4 × 4 MIMO configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RBFNN-based UWB 4 × 4 MIMO antenna design with compact size, high isolation, and improved diversity performance for millimeter-wave 5G applications

Sellak,

Khabba,

Chabaa

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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The millimeter-wave spectrum has emerged as a compelling solution to address the pressing need for high-dataratecapabilities in the development of 5G technology systems. Spanning between 20 GHz and 40 GHz, this spectrumencompasses several prominent frequency bands crucial for advancing 5G applications. In light of this, our studypresents a thorough investigation into the design and performance of a compact cross-shaped slot broadband antenna,complemented by a 4×4 Multiple-InputMultiple-Output (MIMO) configuration tailored for 5G operations at28 GHz. The primary objective of this study is to develop an antenna system capable of achieving an extended bandwidthranging from 20 GHz to 40 GHz, effectively covering the crucial frequency bands essential for 5G millimeterwave(mmWave) operations. To accomplish this, the optimization of antenna performance is meticulously carried outusing the Radial Basis FunctionNeuralNetworks (RBFNN) model. The RBFNNmodel serves as a robust tool for establishingthe intricate relationship between antenna dimensions, resonant frequency, and bandwidth. Subsequently,the developed RBFNN model is employed to predict optimal antenna dimensions, ensuring resonance at 28 GHz andmeeting specified bandwidth targets. The single antenna is designed with a rectangular patch and a cross-shapedslot and is constructed on the low loss Rogers RT Duroid 5880 substrate. This design reaches an outstanding bandwidthof 19.5 GHz, and exhibits excellent radiation characteristics, with a high radiation efficiency of up to 99% and acorresponding gain of 5.75 dB. The antenna’s design and performance are rigorously designed using HFSS software,which is then compared to the results acquired using CST software. In addition, the proposed MIMO configurationoffers excellent performance in terms of key features such as small size (16 × 16.2 mm2), very wide bandwidth of 20GHz, good gain of 6.75 high isolation exceeding 35 dB, and significant improvements in diversity performance measuressuch as Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), Channel Capacity Loss (CCL), Total ActiveReflection Coefficient (TARC), and Mean Effective Gain (MEG). The potential of the proposed MIMO configurationfor high-speed applications is particularly remarkable. Practical verification of the MIMO configuration is carefullycarried out by fabrication andmeasurement. Experimental results strongly confirmthe effectiveness of the proposedantenna design, establishing it as a competitive challenger for 5G technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RBFNN-based UWB 4 × 4 MIMO antenna design with compact size, high isolation, and improved diversity performance for millimeter-wave 5G applications

Sellak,

Khabba,

Chabaa

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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“…In other words, the DOA modeling for array antennas is often determined by this substantial assumption that the array elements contain multi directional and symmetric radiation pattern. In most studies of DOA modeling, the signal source is assumed in the antenna far‐field which of course an improved far‐field radiation characteristic mainly depends on the synthesis of low side lobe level and narrow first null beam width 8–13 . The use of the isotropic and directional array radiation pattern will have different impact on the DOAE accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies of DOA modeling, the signal source is assumed in the antenna far-field which of course an improved far-field radiation characteristic mainly depends on the synthesis of low side lobe level and narrow first null beam width. [8][9][10][11][12][13] The use of the isotropic and directional array radiation pattern will have different impact on the DOAE accuracy. In, 14 DOA-E by directive elements mounted on the volume surfaces has been discussed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and numerical analysis of volume array radiation pattern impact on 2D‐DOA estimation accuracy considering arrays' aperture angle

Sharifi

Rezaei

2023

Int J Numerical Modelling

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This paper tries to obtain the maximum estimation accuracy of 2-dimensional Direction of Arrival (2D-DOA) from the spatial signal resource in the angle approaching the horizon by using the volume arrays pattern synthesizing. For this purpose, the well-known Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) and the algorithm Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) are used to investigate 2D-DOA estimation accuracy. For accurate design of array structure, the antenna elements' radiation pattern have been considered based on the full-wave simulations along with the mutual coupling and shadow effects. The results show that the volume array structure presented with 13 radiative elements and the two side angles of 30 and 45 degrees has a much better DOA estimation accuracy in all angles especially in angles close to the horizon, compared to the planar array with the same number of radiative elements. Also, at the angle ±90 from broadside the presented volume aperture provides a maximum gain of up to 15.4 dBi, which is much more than the produced gain of planar aperture under the same conditions.

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“…Due to all these reasons, the conformal array has received more and more attention in the areas such as aircraft, high-speed train, and guided missile. [1][2][3][4][5] Nevertheless, the conformal array has many unique electromagnetic characteristics compared to the ordinary array, 6 such as shadowing effect caused by the geometry structure. These will increase the complexity in the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation and to resolve these types of problems in the conformal array many different methods have been studied and proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The array is also beneficial in that it provides a large aperture over a broad range of angles and has good conceal characteristic features. Due to all these reasons, the conformal array has received more and more attention in the areas such as aircraft, high‐speed train, and guided missile 1–5 . Nevertheless, the conformal array has many unique electromagnetic characteristics compared to the ordinary array, 6 such as shadowing effect caused by the geometry structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DOA estimation accuracy improvement by solving the rank reduction algorithm ambiguous parameters through synthesizing the volume antenna beam pattern

Sharifi

Rezaei

Mohammadi

2022

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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This article focuses on increasing the accuracy of Directional-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation by synthesizing the Conformal Uniform Circular Array (CUCA) and uses the Rank Reduction (RARE) algorithm to minimize the mutual coupling and shadowing impacts on the array performance. After separating the azimuthal angles from all of the unknown information by transforming the CUCA from the element space to the mode space, the RARE algorithm is applied in the estimated azimuthal angles. Also, the ambiguous values of π exist in the RARE algorithm are solved by forming the CUCA beam pattern. Due to the fact that the accurate measuring or estimating the mutual coupling and shadowing effects are difficult, one of the most important achievements of this work is that there is no need to measure the mutual coupling and shadow effect. Also, the CUCA aperture is not reduced compared to use the subarray methods as another advantage. The simulation results significantly confirm the presented method's benefits.

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RETRACTED: Minimizing cosecant-squared pattern side lobe level of linear array antenna by genetic algorithm and optimizing feed network

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

RBFNN-based UWB 4 × 4 MIMO antenna design with compact size, high isolation, and improved diversity performance for millimeter-wave 5G applications

RBFNN-based UWB 4 × 4 MIMO antenna design with compact size, high isolation, and improved diversity performance for millimeter-wave 5G applications

Modeling and numerical analysis of volume array radiation pattern impact on 2D‐DOA estimation accuracy considering arrays' aperture angle

DOA estimation accuracy improvement by solving the rank reduction algorithm ambiguous parameters through synthesizing the volume antenna beam pattern

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