RETRACTED: Influence of S1PR3 expression on the glioma microenvironment and prognostic significance in low-grade gliomas

Abstract

Background The S1P/S1PR3 axis has been demonstrated to be associated with the development of multiple human cancers, but the potential role of it in the biological mechanisms of glioma, par-ticularly TME cell infiltration, remains unknown. Methods We analyzed gene expression data of gliomas and corresponding clinicopathological information to assess overall survival by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. We also analyzed the signaling pathways and genes associated with S1PR3 overexpression by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and the characteristics of oncogenic pathways, biological pathways, and TME cell infiltration, and validated the results with PCR, cell proliferation, and migration assays. Results Cox regression analysis confirmed that S1PR3 overexpression was significantly correlated with overall survival and clinicopathological features. Nomogram for prognostic prediction was successfully constructed using S1PR3 and related genes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed the association of S1PR3 overexpression with cell cycle, DNA replication, MAPK, p53 and TGF-β signaling pathway. Meanwhile, S1PR3 was shown to be significantly associated with many immune checkpoints and immune cell infiltration. Conclusions Our study demon-strated that S1PR3 overexpression is a potential prognostic molecular marker for poor prognosis in glioma, that S1PR3 plays an important role in immune cell infiltration in TME. And identification of S1PR3-regulated signaling pathways and immune checkpoints enhances our understanding of TME infiltration characteristics, contributes to the development of immunotherapeutic strategies.