RETRACTED: Improved Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials for High Performing Lithium Air Batteries

Kagenda, Christopher; Lule, Ivan; Paulik, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.sajce.2017.11.001

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The peaks at 398.33 and 400.7 eV are attributed to the pyridinic nitrogen or sp 2 -hybridized nitrogen (C–N=C) and sp 3 -hybridized nitrogen (C–N), respectively. 23−25 The above results confirm that in the nitrogen-doped carbon sample (N@CNS), nitrogen interacts with carbon via double and single bonds with sp 2 - and sp 3 -hybridized states, respectively. It is worth noting that for different co-polymer-modified N@CNS samples, the C 1s and N 1s peak positions remain unchanged.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbon Nanospheroids for Selective Dye Adsorption and Pb(II) Ion Removal from Waste Water

2018

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In the presence of melamine and block copolymers, namely, F108, F127, and P123, nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbon nanospheroids (N@CNSs) were synthesized by the hydrothermal process. The F127-modified sample (CNF127) exhibits the maximum Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 773.4 m 2 /g with a pore volume of 0.877 cm 3 /g. The microstructural study reveals that nanospheroids of size 50–200 nm were aggregated together to form a chainlike structure for all triblock copolymer-modified samples. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study shows the binding energies of 398.33 and 400.7 eV attributed to sp 2 (C–N=C)- and sp 3 (C–N)-hybridized nitrogen-bonded carbons, respectively. The synthesized N@CNS samples showed selective adsorption of organic dye methylene blue (MB) in the presence of methyl orange (MO) as well as Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water. The adsorptions for MB and Pb(II) ions followed pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, respectively. The sample CNF127 showed the highest adsorption of 73 and 99.82 mg/g for MB and Pb(II) adsorptions, respectively. The adsorption capacity for MB of the copolymer-modified samples follows the order CNF127 > CNP123 > CNF108, which corroborated with the mesoporosity as well as nitrogen content of the corresponding samples. The maximum % adsorption of Pb(II) follows the order CNF127 (99.82%) > CNF108 (98.74%) > CNP123 (91.82%), and this trend is attributed to the BET surface area of the corresponding samples. This study demonstrates multicomponent removal of water pollutants, both organic dyes and inorganic toxic metal ions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbon Nanospheroids for Selective Dye Adsorption and Pb(II) Ion Removal from Waste Water

2018

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“…Further, the bare h-BN shows pronounced XRD peaks at various 2θ positions and the data is in good agreement with the file no. 034-0421. , The XRD pattern of bare KBC (hereafter referred as KB carbon) reflects two broad peaks at around 24.8° and 43.3°, corresponding to the (002) and (101) planes of amorphous carbon material (Figure S2 in the Supporting Information). , Importantly, two noticeable changes were observed in the case of the XRD pattern of MnBN/C-75 (as clearly seen in Figure b). First, the MnBN/C-75 composite exhibits a distinct diffraction pattern than the parent (MnBN), indicating obvious changes in the crystal structure of MnO 2 , i.e., from manganese dioxide (Mn IV O 2 ) to manganese oxide hydroxide (manganite; Mn III OOH), which is confirmed by ICSD no.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Hexagonal Boron Nitride-Supported Crystalline Manganese Oxide Nanorods/Carbon: A Tunable Nanocomposite Catalyst for Dioxygen Electroreduction

Patil

Swami

Chavan

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Dioxygen reduction is a key step in low-temperature fuel cell catalysis research and ultimately of sustainable energy conversion technology. Herein, we report a simple strategy to design a cost-effective electrocatalyst comprising MnO2 nanorods on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and their composite with high surface area carbon by a chemical method. The optimized nanocomposite catalyst (MnBN/C-75) exhibits a substantial higher onset potential (E onset = 0.9 V vs RHE) and limiting kinetic current density (J L = 5.6 mA cm–2) during the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) compared to other reported h-BN-based metal-supported or metal-free electrocatalysts. Moreover, this catalyst shows a ∼4-electron transfer pathway with a low peroxide (HO2 –) intermediate yield during electroreduction of oxygen, indicating a single step, first-order kinetics as a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Besides, the mass activity of 222 mA mg–1 calculated at 0.6 V for the MnBN/C-75 catalyst is ∼21 times higher than that of MnBN (10.4 mA mg–1) and slightly lower than Pt/C (239 mA mg–1 at 0.9 V). Importantly, the MnBN/C-75 nanocomposite reveals a smaller deviation in half-wave potential (ΔE 1/2 = 18 mV) compared to the Pt/C catalyst (ΔE 1/2 = 50 mV) even after 5k potential cycling under similar conditions. The relatively lower ionic diffusion and charge transfer resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface by the MnBN/C-75 electrode support to our claim regarding a higher electrocatalytic activity. Thus, the presence of Mn3+ ions in the form of MnOOH (during composite formation) along with both h-BN support and KB carbon at the electrode surface contributes immensely in boosting the electrocatalytic activity. Thus, it could be a promising electrocatalyst, if employed in the cathode compartment of low-temperature fuel cells to lead faster ORR kinetics.

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“…Generally, the dopant P-TSA and polymer undergo various interactions and organize the polymer chains in highly ordered arrangement. The XRD pattern of NCFs exhibit two broad diffraction peaks around 24° and 43°, which correspond to the (002) and (100) faces of hexagonal graphitic carbon, respectively [2,4,31]. The infrared and XRD spectra are similar to those of the carbon materials derived from PANI indicate that the carbonization at 700 °C for 2 h is suggested for the available conversion of PANI nanofibers to amorphous carbon-like materials.…”

Section: Physichemical Characteristics Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The N 1 s high resolution spectrum can be assigned to four peaks: Pyridinic N (N-6), pyrrolic N (N-5), quaternary N (N-Q), and pyridine-N-oxide (N-X) (inset Figure 6b). As shown in Figure 7, the chemical forms of N in nitrogen doped carbon materials have been proposed by research groups [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. N-Q can offer highly active sites, and N-6 and N-5 can improve the wettability of carbon material to increase the effective specific surface area for double layer formation.…”

Section: Physichemical Characteristics Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, nitrogen-doped carbon materials have been widely applied to the fuel cell [1], solar cell [2], lithium-ion battery [3], lithium air battery [4], electrocatalysis [5], and adsorption [6,7]. Various nitrogen-doped carbon materials [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], such as carbon nanotube [9][10][11][12], porous carbons [13], nanofiber [14], and graphene [15], have been investigated for supercapacitor electrode materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen-Enriched Carbon Nanofibers Derived from Polyaniline and Their Capacitive Properties

Gao

Ying

et al. 2018

Applied Sciences

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Nitrogen-doped carbon materials derived from N-containing conducting polymer have attracted significant attention due to their special electrochemical properties in the past two decades. Novel nitrogen-enriched carbon nanofibers (NCFs) have been prepared by one-step carbonization of p-toluene sulfonic acid (P-TSA) doped polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers, which are successfully synthesized via the rapid mixing oxidative polymerization at room temperature. NCFs with diameters ranging from 100 nm to 150 nm possess a highly specific surface area of 915 m 2 g −1 and a relatively rich nitrogen content of 7.59 at %. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that NCFs have high specific capacitance (172 F g −1 , 2 mV s −1 ) and satisfactory cycling stability (89% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles). The outstanding properties affirm that NCFs can be promising candidates for supercapacitor electrode materials. Interestingly, the carbonization of PANI opens the possibility to tailor the morphology of resulting nitrogen-enriched carbon materials by controlling the reaction conditions of PANI synthesis. products of PANI (15 wt % N, 79 wt % C) have been successfully employed in other articles as electrode materials [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. However, most of the present reported PANI-derived carbon materials are irregular and agglomerate. Furthermore, the PANI-derived carbon materials by one-step carbonization usually have a low specific surface area while the chemical activation process is complex and increases costs. Recently, one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured PANI, such as nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires, and nanorods, have attracted intensive attention for their unique structure, properties, and new potential applications [37][38][39][40][41][42]. Various methods, such as hard or soft template [32,39], interfacial polymerization [40], and rapid mixing polymerization, have been used to tailor the morphology of the products in the chemical oxidative polymerization. Compared with other methods, the rapid mixing polymerization method is the most common non-template route to produce PANI nanofibers owing to its simplicity, cost effectiveness, being environmental friendly, and pure production [43][44][45][46][47].Furthermore, the molecular structure and functional groups of doped acids also influence the morphology and structure of resulting PANI particles [28,41,[47][48][49][50][51][52]. Chutia's work investigates the effect of organic camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) and inorganic hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the structures and conductivity of polyaniline, and the discovery indicates that PANI nanorods doped with CSA produce more uniform and aligned structures [50]. Organosulfonic acid possessing long alkyl-chain sulfonic acids, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid (P-TSA), β-naphtalenesulfonic acid (NSA), camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), and dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), have already been explored by some researchers [49,51]. P-TSA (the molecular structural formula is p-CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 H) is a non-oxidizing organic acid, so...

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RETRACTED: Improved Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials for High Performing Lithium Air Batteries

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbon Nanospheroids for Selective Dye Adsorption and Pb(II) Ion Removal from Waste Water

Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbon Nanospheroids for Selective Dye Adsorption and Pb(II) Ion Removal from Waste Water

Hexagonal Boron Nitride-Supported Crystalline Manganese Oxide Nanorods/Carbon: A Tunable Nanocomposite Catalyst for Dioxygen Electroreduction

Nitrogen-Enriched Carbon Nanofibers Derived from Polyaniline and Their Capacitive Properties

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