Retracted: IFATS Collection: Selenium Induces Improvement of Stem Cell Behaviors in Human Adipose-Tissue Stromal Cells via SAPK/JNK and Stemness Acting Signals

Abstract

In the present study, the potential of selenium to enhance stem cell behavior through improvement of human adipose tissuederived stromal cells (ATSCs) and the associated molecular mechanism was evaluated. Selenium-induced improvement in stem cell behavior of human ATSCs caused expression of several genes, indicating downregulated mature cell marker proteins coupled with increased cell growth and telomerase activities after the overexpression of Rex1, Nanog, OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-Myc. Also, selenium-treated ATSCs significantly downregulated p53 and p21 tumor suppressor gene products. Selenium induced active growth and growth enhanced by the activation of signal proteins in ATSCs via the inhibition of reactive oxygen species-mediated phospho-stressactivated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase activation. The selenium-induced activation of extracellular regulated kinases 1/2 and Akt in ATSCs resulted in a subsequent induction of the expression of stemness transcription factors, particularly Rex1, Nanog, and Oct4, along with definitive demethylation on regulatory regions of Rex-1, Nanog, and Oct4. The results of our small interfering RNA knockdown experiment showed that Rex1 plays a major role in the proliferation of selenium-induced ATSCs. Selenium-treated ATSCs also exhibited more profound differentiation into mesodermal and neural lineages. We performed a direct comparison of gene expression profiles in control ATSCs and selenium-treated ATSCs and delineated specific members of important growth factor, signaling, cell adhesion, and transcription factor families. The observations of improved life span and multipotency of selenium-treated ATSCs clearly indicate that seleniumtreated ATSCs represent an extraordinarily useful candidate cell source for tissue regeneration.

Curcumin stimulates proliferation, stemness acting signals and migration of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes

“…However, the levels of p38 and p-SaPK/jnK coupled with the inhibition of p53 and p21 tumor suppressor gene products were markedly down-regulated in curcumin-treated 3t3-l1 cells. in particular, reX1 overexpression after curcumin treatment is consistent with our recent reports in which enhancement of reX1 expression causes an increase in the proliferation efficiency of cells (34,35). we next investigated the effects of curcumin on the migration of 3t3-l1 cells in order to show that increased cell proliferation by curcumin was related to the migration efficiency.…”

Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Ameliorate Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction in a Type II Diabetic Rat Model

“…In the DM + T group, injected ADSCs were able to be localized to the bladder. This may be attributable to homing factors such as SDF-1, as ADSCs have been shown to express the SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 and migrate to SDF-1 in cell migration assays [20]. In our previous in vivo study, SDF-1/CXCR4 also appears to mediate migration of ADSCs toward prostate tumor in mice [21].…”

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration: A Review

“…Expression of these pluripotency factors has since been confirmed in human ASCs [117,[174][175][176], canine ASCs [177], rodents [174], and pig [178]. While a functional role for such factors in ASCs remains unclear, Kim et al have shown that exogenous overexpression of OCT4 results in increased telomerase activity, increased expression of numerous pluripotency markers including Nanog, Sox2, and Klf4 [179], and decreases in other genes associated with differentiation, such as nestin, Smad3, and FOXO1. Earlier studies have proposed that the increased expression of Oct4, Nanog, and Rex-1 upon the treatment of ASCs with selenium results in their reprogramming and produces more "primitive stem cells" capable of enhanced mesodermal differentiation [179].…”