RETRACTED: Genetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of four Tibeto‐Burman‐speaking populations in Tibetan‐Yi corridor revealed by insertion/deletion polymorphisms

Abstract

Background: Insertion/deletion polymorphisms (InDels), combined with all the desirable features of both short tandem repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism, have been used in archaeological and anthropological research, population genetics and forensic application. Methods: Thirty InDels in 530 individuals residing in the Tibetan-Yi corridor (142 Dujiangyan Tibetans, 164 Muli Tibetans, 187 Xichang Yis, and 37 Yanyuan Mosuos) were genotyped using the Investigator DIPplex. Forensic parameters and allele frequency spectrum were calculated. Genetic relationships between the investigated populations and worldwide and nationwide populations were assessed based on both the allele frequency distribution and genotype data. Results: The combined powers of exclusion were 0.9807 (Dujiangyan Tibetan), 0.9880 (Muli Tibetan), 0.9852 (Xichang Yi) and 0.9892 (Yanyuan Mosuo). The combined powers of discrimination were 0.999999999983 (Dujiangyan Tibetan), 0.999999999942 (Muli Tibetan), 0.999999999982 (Xichang Yi) and 0.999999999962 (Yanyuan Mosuo), respectively. The comprehensive population comparisons among worldwide and nationwide populations uniformly illustrated that the investigated populations have a genetically closer relationship with Tibeto-Burman-speaking populations and geographically adjacent populations. Conclusion: These 30 loci can be regarded as an efficient genetic tool in forensic individual identification and as a supplementary tool in paternity testing in Dujiangyan Tibetan, Muli Tibetan, Xichang Yi, and Yanyuan Mosuo. The genetic proximity between the four populations in the Tibetan-Yi corridor and other populations is strongly correlated with the linguistic origin and geographical distance. K E Y W O R D S

Screening and selection of 21 novel microhaplotype markers for ancestry inference in ten Chinese subpopulations

“…In our population genetic analyses, compared with other groups, Hainan Han had a closer genetic relationship with Hainan Li, and the genetic relationships among the three populations from the Tibetan-Yi corridor (Dujiangyan Tibetan, Muli Tibetan and Xichang Yi) were closer, which suggested that the genetic relationship is also related to the population geographic origin. These results are similar to the results of population genetic analysis based on other genetic markers, such as SNP [34] and InDel [59]. Similar results were also observed in PCA and MDS analysis.…”

Development and validation of a custom panel including 114 InDels using massively parallel sequencing for forensic application

“…At present, there are an increasing number of InDel studies based on the CE platform. One of the most researched kits of the Investigator DIPplex kit has been widely used in population studies [4,[39][40][41][42]. In addition, the AGCU InDel 60 kit developed by Liu et al [10] and the 35-plex InDel panel developed by Jin et al [9] were intended for individual identification, and Zhang et al [43] developed a panel including 39 InDels for ancestry inference.…”

“…At present, there are an increasing number of InDel studies based on the CE platform. One of the most researched kits of the Investigator DIPplex kit has been widely used in population studies [4, 39–42]. In addition, the AGCU InDel 60 kit developed by Liu et al.…”

Genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis of 23 STR in Chinese Han population from Hainan, Southern China

“…These genetic features are accordance with previous studies using different genetic markers, such as single nucleotide polymorphism, InDel and Microhaplotype. [22][23][24][25] According to the MDS, 10 minorities (Yunnan Miao, Xinjiang Kazakh, 2 Xinjiang Uygurs, Tibet Tibetan, Liangshan Tibetan, Sichuang Tibetan, Hainan Li, Yunnan Dai, Yunnan Zhuang) were isolated on the periphery of the MDS scatter diagrams, and Hui, Manchu and Han populations were gathered in the center. Hui and Manchu populations tend to partially overlap with Han populations, which implying the possible genetic admixture between Han and Hui and Manchu populations.…”