RETRACTED: Effect of laparoscopic ovarian drilling on vascular endothelial growth factor and ovarian stromal blood flow using 3‐dimensional power Doppler

Abstract

Increased vascularity in PCOS demonstrated by Doppler blood flow measurements might be explained by the high level of VEGF. LOD reduced ovarian vascularization and serum VEGF.

Impact of laparoscopic ovarian drilling on anti-Müllerian hormone levels and ovarian stromal blood flow using three-dimensional power Doppler in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome

“…Similar results have been previously reported (13,25). This increased vascularity demonstrated in PCOS may result from overexpression of ovarian VEGF…”

“…AMH and 3D power Doppler in PCOS. Fertil Steril 2011. secondary to higher levels of LH in these women (13). Also, in the current study, a significant positive correlation between plasma AMH levels and power Doppler indices of ovarian stroma was observed.…”

“…Exclusion criteria were age <18 or >35 years; tubal or male factor infertility investigated with hysterosalpingography and standard semen analysis; current or previous use of metformin; any organic pelvic diseases at laparoscopy or diseases potentially affecting the ovarian environment and/or function (including endometriosis and leiomyomas); women with single ovary; previous ovarian cystectomy; hyperprolactinemia; and thyroid disease and diabetes. Ultrasound examinations were performed using three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal 7.5-MHz power Doppler ultrasound (Voluson 530D; Kretztechnik-Medison, Zipf, Austria) as previously described (3,10,13), to assess the ovarian volume, morphology, the mean antral follicle number in both ovaries (measuring 2-9 mm), and to monitor the evidence of ovulation at each visit to the clinic. Power Doppler measurements were performed on the early follicular phase before LOD and repeated in the early follicular phase of the first postoperative cycle, at 3-and 6-month follow-up.…”

“…The VFI is the mean color value in all the voxels in the defined volume and is a feature of both vascularization and volume flow (range 0-100). It has been suggested to be representative of tissue perfusion (13). Blood samples were collected on day 2 of the cycle before and 1 week after LOD to measure plasma concentrations of AMH, LH, FSH, T, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and the free androgen index (FAI) [T/SHBG Â 100].…”

“…However, increased concentrations of AMH may be a consequence of other factors in PCOS, the most obvious being hyperandrogenism (7,10,11) and insulin resistance (12). Increase in ovarian stromal blood flow in women with PCOS may result from the overexpression of ovarian vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which probably modulates the vascular permeability of theca cells, and increased insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) (13,14), which enhances gonadotropinstimulated steroid production in GC and theca cells, resulting in increased ovarian androgen production and subsequently increased AMH production (12).…”