RETRACTED ARTICLE: Theory-guided Sn/Cu alloying for efficient CO2 electroreduction at low overpotentials

Zheng, Xueli; Ji, Yongfei; Tang, Jing; Wang, Jiangyan; Liu, Bofei; Steinrück, Hans‐Georg; Lim, Ki Moo; Li, Yuzhang; Toney, Michael F.; Chan, Karen; Cui, Yi

doi:10.1038/s41929-018-0200-8

Cited by 278 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Figure 2A summarizes the Faradaic efficiency (FE) under different production rates (current density) for the reported ECR electrocatalysts, which represents the product selectivity of the reaction . Notably, while the state-of-the-art electrocatalysts can transform CO 2 into C 1 products (CO or formate) with over 95% FE under high production rate (>20 mA cm −2 for H-type cell and >100 mA cm −2 for flow cell) (9,21,22,25,28,44,45), the highly selective (>90%) and efficient production of more available multicarbon (C 2+ ) chemicals has not been realized so far. This is due to the fact that coupling to C 2+ products requires arrival and adsorption of several CO 2 molecules to the surface, stepwise transformation, and spatial positioning (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO₂reduction toward C₂₊products

et al. 2020

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In light of environmental concerns and energy transition, electrochemical CO 2 reduction (ECR) to value-added multicarbon (C 2+ ) fuels and chemicals, using renewable electricity, presents an elegant long-term solution to close the carbon cycle with added economic benefits as well. However, electrocatalytic C─C coupling in aqueous electrolytes is still an open challenge due to low selectivity, activity, and stability. Design of catalysts and reactors holds the key to addressing those challenges. We summarize recent progress in how to achieve efficient C─C coupling via ECR, with emphasis on strategies in electrocatalysts and electrocatalytic electrode/reactor design, and their corresponding mechanisms. In addition, current bottlenecks and future opportunities for C 2+ product generation is discussed. We aim to provide a detailed review of the state-of-the-art C─C coupling strategies to the community for further development and inspiration in both fundamental understanding and technological applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO₂reduction toward C₂₊products

et al. 2020

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“…For CuSn bimetallic systems as a kind of potential catalysts, previous research works have shown that the control of their composition provided a promising approach for improving the electrocatalytic properties for CO 2 reduction . With carbon paper as the substrate, CuSn alloy by co‐electrodeposition with a ratio of 1 : 3 exhibited the highest FE of 95 % for formate . The excellent electrocatalytic activity and selectivity for CuSn 3 catalysts could be attributed to the positive oxidation of Sn with electron donation to Cu in the CuSn alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CuSn Alloy Nanoparticles on Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

et al. 2019

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We report an efficient electrocatalyst utilizing non‐noble metals consisting of Cu and Sn supported on nitrogen‐doped graphene (NG) for reduction of CO2 over a wide potential range. The CuSn alloy nanoparticles (NPs) on NG were prepared through a hydrothermal method followed by pyrolysis under nitrogen atmosphere to achieve a uniform dispersion of the alloy NPs. The CuSn NP (Cu/Sn ratio of 0.175) decorated NG catalyst performed electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 into C1 products at a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of nearly 93 % at an overpotential of −1.0 V vs. RHE, considerably higher than that of the Cu and Sn counterparts, i. e., 32 % and 58 %, respectively. The enhanced catalytic activity could be attributed to the collaboration between the CuSn alloy and Sn metal. The first‐principles density functional theory (DFT) simulation results indicate that the CuSn bimetal alloy nanoparticles enable more H atoms to participate in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 and exhibit an improved CO2 capture performance. In addition, the CuSn alloy having a lower barrier than that of Sn metal can accelerate the CO2 reduction process. This study presents the strategy that utilizes low‐cost non‐noble metals as highly efficient electrocatalysts for aqueous reduction of CO2.

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“…For instance, Bi nanosheets catalyst that are generated from atomic‐thick Bi oxycarbonate nanosheets display a FE HCOO − of ≈100% at −0.9 V and this activity is partly attributed to the presence of Bi(101) and Bi(111) facets, which are demonstrated to lower free energy barrier for formation of *OCHO radical, facilitating CO 2 RR . Similar facet dependent DFT results with Sn, In and Bi catalysts were used as theoretical evidence to justify the catalytic activity of these catalysts for CO 2 RR . In addition, SnO 2 (110) is reported to play a positive role in dictating formate generation during CO 2 RR with a number of literatures with SnO 2 nanoparticle catalysts ascribing the importance of this facet …”

Section: Active Sites In Metal‐based Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 86%

A Disquisition on the Active Sites of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Value‐Added Chemicals and Fuel

Daiyan

Saputera

Masood

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

128

104

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Renewable‐electricity‐powered electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) have been identified as an emerging technology to address the issue of rising CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. While the CO2RR has been demonstrated to be technically feasible, further improvements in catalyst performance through active sites engineering are a prerequisite to accelerate its commercial feasibility for utilization in large CO2‐emitting industrial sources. Over the years, the improved understanding of the interaction of CO2 with the active sites has allowed superior catalyst design and subsequent attainment of prominent CO2RR activity in literature. This review tracks the evolution of the understanding of CO2RR active sites on different electrocatalysts such as metals, metal‐oxides, single atoms, metal‐carbon, and subsequently metal‐free carbon‐based catalysts. Despite the tremendous research efforts in the field, many scientific questions on the role of various active sites in governing CO2RR activity, selectivity, stability, and pathways are still unanswered. These gaps in knowledge are highlighted and a discussion is set forth on the merits of utilizing advanced in‐situ and operando characterization techniques and machine learning (ML). Using this technique, the underlying mechanisms can be discerned, and as a result new strategies for designing active sites may be uncovered. Finally, this review advocates an interdisciplinary approach to discover and design CO2RR active sites (rather than focusing merely on catalyst activity) in a bid to stimulate practical research for industrial application.

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Theory-guided Sn/Cu alloying for efficient CO2 electroreduction at low overpotentials

Cited by 278 publications

References 45 publications

Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO₂reduction toward C₂₊products

Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO₂reduction toward C₂₊products

CuSn Alloy Nanoparticles on Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

A Disquisition on the Active Sites of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Value‐Added Chemicals and Fuel

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Theory-guided Sn/Cu alloying for efficient CO2 electroreduction at low overpotentials

Cited by 278 publications

References 45 publications

Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO2reduction toward C2+products

Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO2reduction toward C2+products

CuSn Alloy Nanoparticles on Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction

A Disquisition on the Active Sites of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Value‐Added Chemicals and Fuel

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Product

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Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO₂reduction toward C₂₊products

Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO₂reduction toward C₂₊products

CuSn Alloy Nanoparticles on Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

A Disquisition on the Active Sites of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Value‐Added Chemicals and Fuel