RETRACTED ARTICLE: SHINBARO, a new herbal medicine with multifunctional mechanism for joint disease: First therapeutic application for the treatment of osteoarthritis

Abstract

SHINBARO is a purified extract from a mixture of 6 oriental herbs (Ledebouriellae Radix, Achyranthis Radix, Acanthopanacis Cortex, Cibotii Rhizoma, Glycine Semen, and Eucommiae Cortex) that have been used as a traditional medicine for treatment of several inflammatory diseases and bone disorders. We determined antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activities of SHINBARO in adjuvant-induced (osteo)arthritis in rats. This potential anti-(osteo)arthritic property of SHINBARO can be due to the downregulation of inflammatory mediators such as iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α, the increase of pain threshold in the peripheral system, the activation of alkaline phosphatase in osteoblasts, the suppression of proteoglycan degradation, and the inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. We confirmed that SHINBARO is as effective as celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, but it has the better safety profile in clinical trials. Finally, SHINBARO was approved as a New Herbal Medicine for treatment of osteoarthritis by Korean FDA on January 25(th), 2011.

Nonoperative Korean Medicine Combination Therapy for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Retrospective Case-Series Study

“…A previous animal experimental study suggested that acupuncture at the lumbar region may enhance sciatic nerve blood flow as well as the peripheral vasa nervorum through regulation of blood pressure and vasodilator nerve activity, which comprises a possible mechanism for the improvement of claudication [ 14 ]. The herbs used in this study might regulate inflammatory mediators and affect the chronic inflammatory conditions of the spinal lesion [ 15 – 17 ]. Although Chuna manual therapy has not been shown to be as effective on LSS as chiropractic or other types of manipulation techniques [ 18 ], it might relax the shortened muscles and correct the deformity related to long-term changes in the spinal bony structures and their arrangement, contributing to the functional improvement of LSS.…”

Effects of intra-articular SHINBARO treatment on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats

“…The same volume of saline was used as a vehicle in control rats. The validation of SHINBARO was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (Waters™ 600 s controller, 626 pump, temperature control module, in-line degasser, 717 plus autosampler, and 996 photodiode array detector; Waters, Bedford, MA, USA) analysis of each ingredient extract using the following six indicator biological components [ 18 ]: cimifugin for Ledebouriellae Radix; 20-hydroxyecdysone (0.311–0.312 mg/g) for Achyranthis Radix; acanthoside D (0.577–0.578 mg/g) for Acanthopanacis Cortex; onitin-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside for Cibotii Rhizoma; genistin (0.0426–0.0427 mg/g) for Glycine Semen; and geniposide (0.431–0.432 mg/g) for Eucommiae Cortex. SHINBARO was further standardized for quality control according to the regulations imposed by the Korea Food and Drug Administration.…”

“…SHINBARO is a purified herbal formulation containing six traditional medicines, Ledebouriellae Radix ( Fang Feng ), Achyranthis Radix ( Huai Niu Xi ), Acanthopanacis Cortex ( Wu Jia Pi ), Cibotii Rhizoma ( Gou Ji ), Glycine Semen ( Hei Dou ), and Eucommiae Cortex ( Du Zhong ), that has been used to treat inflamed lesions and bone diseases [ 18 ]. Pharmacopuncture is a new form of therapy that involves both herbal medicine administration and acupuncture to manage blood extravasation and improve blood flow.…”

“…Therefore, pharmacopuncturology is considered to be a medical practice in oriental medicine that involves administration of refined herbal extracts into acupoints [ 19 ]. The anti-inflammatory activity of oral SHINBARO treatment was demonstrated in an adjuvant-induced OA rat model [ 18 ]. However, the anti-arthritic activity of SHINBARO pharmacopuncture and its underlying mechanism have not yet been determined.…”

Anti-Osteoarthritic Effects of a Mixture of Dried Pomegranate Concentrate Powder, Eucommiae Cortex, and Achyranthis Radix 5:4:1 (g/g) in a Surgically Induced Osteoarthritic Rabbit Model

“…In particular, EC protects cartilage by improving its metabolism, and inhibiting degradation of the ECM [35]. EC has been used as an anti-arthritic component in herbal formulations [36,37]. Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AR) has been commonly used to treat osteodynia of the knee and lumbar region, as well as spasm and flaccidity of the limbs, in traditional Korean medicine [38].…”