RETRACTED ARTICLE: Room-temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride

Snider, Elliot; Dasenbrock-Gammon, Nathan; McBride, Raymond; Debessai, M.; Vindana, Hiranya; Vencatasamy, Kevin; Lawler, Keith V.; Salamat, Ashkan; Dias, Ranga

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2801-z

Cited by 617 publications

(790 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…XRD analysis data of initial and surface modified r-GO flakes using Scherrer's equation (1) . Note: (1) the constant in Scherrer's equation is equal to 0.9; X-ray scattering wavelength for CuKα is used: λ = 0.15418 nm; (2) the diffraction angle for X-ray intensity peak maximum; (3) D p is the average crystalline size; (4) d is the interplanar distance; (5) n is the number of graphene sheets in an r-GO flake.…”

Section: Xrd Analysis Of Initial and Surface Modified R-go Flakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, superconductivity was observed by resistive measurements in the quasi-one dimensional organic conductor di-(tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene)-hexafluorophosphate, (TMTSF)2PF6 under a hydrostatic pressure of 12 kbar with a transition temperature of 0.9 K [2]. In 2020, Elliot Snider with coworkers approached room-temperature superconductivity by proposing the pressure-driven disproportionation of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) to H 3 S, with a confirmed transition temperature of 203 K at 155 GPa [3]. As for bilayer graphene, a two-dimensional allotrope of carbon, in 2018 it was discovered to be a superconductor when layers were twisted on the 'magic' angle of about 1.1 • [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Magnetization of a Composite Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide and Polystyrene

et al. 2021

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The use of reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) is a promising way of fabricating organic–inorganic composites with unique electrical and magnetic properties. In our work, polystyrene/r-GO composites were synthesized, in which both the components are linked together by covalent bonds. The r-GO used differs from the graphene obtained from graphite through mechanical exfoliation using the ‘scotch tape’ by presenting many structural defects. Binding in the composite structure between the components was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Elemental analysis was carried out by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy were used to monitor the 2D-order in exfoliated r-GO galleries. Using a vibrating-sample magnetometer, we have shown that the composite magnetization loops demonstrate type-II superconductivity up to room temperature due to r-GO flakes. We believe that a strain field in the r-GO flakes covalently binding to a polymeric matrix is responsible for the superconductivity phenomena.

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Section: Xrd Analysis Of Initial and Surface Modified R-go Flakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnetization of a Composite Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide and Polystyrene

et al. 2021

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“…More than a century after superconductivity was discovered in mercury in 1911, room-temperature superconductivity was recently observed for the first time, in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride (C-S-H) system with T c $ 287.7 ± 1.2 K, 1,2 indicating an obvious increase in the application field of superconductors. However, fabrication of the C-S-H system requires extreme conditions, in which a diamond anvil cell applies a pressure of 267 GPa (2.6 million times greater than atmospheric pressure at sea level), to achieve room-temperature superconductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, fabrication of the C-S-H system requires extreme conditions, in which a diamond anvil cell applies a pressure of 267 GPa (2.6 million times greater than atmospheric pressure at sea level), to achieve room-temperature superconductivity. 2 Hence, investigations of more convenient techniques to fabricate near-room-temperature superconductors and improve the superconducting characteristics of other materials have been conducted in parallel. Among high-temperature superconductors (HTS), bismuth-based cuprate Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BSCCO) materials have potential applications in industry and technology due to their advanced characteristics including (1) a critical temperature (T c ) well above liquid-nitrogen point, (2) simpler fabrication conditions, (3) high irreversibility field (B irr ), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Scaling Characteristics of Flux Pinning Forces in Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2−xNaxCu3O10+δ Superconductors

Pham

Tran

Tai

et al. 2021

Journal of Elec Materi

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The temperature and magnetic field dependence of the critical current density (J c) and pinning force density (F p) in Bi 1.6 Pb 0.4 Sr 2 Ca 2Àx Na x Cu 3 O 10+d (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10) high-temperature superconductors is reported. Polycrystalline samples were prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction route. The influence of Na substitution on J c and F p at temperatures ranging between 65 K and 25 K was investigated. The collective pinning model is successfully applied to describe the magnetic field dependence of J c for all the samples investigated. Magnetic field-temperature phase diagrams were also constructed to illustrate the effects of Na substitution in different field regions. The power-law dependence of the maximum F p (F p,max) versus the irreversibility field (B irr) at different temperatures shows nearly unchanged exponent values, suggesting temperature independence of the flux pinning mechanism in the Na-substituted samples. The dominant pinning mechanism is confirmed to be dl pinning, induced by fluctuations in the mean free path of charge carriers.

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“…The recent technology renaissance and the surge in metal hydride studies come from their hydrogen storage capacity, which is higher than that of other types of storage 1 . Interestingly, high T C superconductivity has recently been reported for other kinds of hydrides: carbonaceous sulfur hydride (287.7 K at 267 GPa) 2 , hydrogen sulfide (203 K at 150 GPa) 3,4 , and lanthanum superhydride (260 K at 180 GPa) 5 . Under ambient pressure, solid metal hydrides, such as hydrogen-implanted Pd-based alloys (with Cu, Ag, and Au), also show superconductivity (T C ≈ 15-17 K) [6][7][8][9][10] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Unusual hydrogen implanted gold with lattice contraction at increased hydrogen content

et al. 2021

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The experimental evidence for the contraction of volume of gold implanted with hydrogen at low doses is presented. The contraction of lattice upon the addition of other elements is very rare and extraordinary in the solid-state, not only for gold but also for many other solids. To explain the underlying physics, the pure kinetic theory of absorption is not adequate and the detailed interaction of hydrogen in the lattice needs to be clarified. Our analysis points to the importance of the formation of hydride bonds in a dynamic manner and explains why these bonds become weak at higher doses, leading to the inverse process of volume expansion frequently seen in metallic hydrogen containers.

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Room-temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride

Cited by 617 publications

References 57 publications

The Magnetization of a Composite Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide and Polystyrene

The Magnetization of a Composite Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide and Polystyrene

Unraveling the Scaling Characteristics of Flux Pinning Forces in Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2−xNaxCu3O10+δ Superconductors

Unusual hydrogen implanted gold with lattice contraction at increased hydrogen content

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