RETRACTED ARTICLE: Prevalence and associated factors of early initiation of breastfeeding among women delivered via Cesarean section in South Gondar zone hospitals Ethiopia, 2020

Kassa, Bekalu Getnet; Degu, Alemu; Yenealem, Fantahun

doi:10.1186/s40748-020-00121-3

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Multiparous mothers could have a personal experience on the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding while primiparous mothers are devoid of any personal experience. Our nding was supported by studies done in the South Gondar zone in Ethiopia and Sudan (16,52). This can be justi ed by the fact that multiparous mothers will have more information exposure regarding the importance of timely initiation of breastfeeding while receiving care at ANC, labor, and delivery or post-natal services.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers with vaginal and cesarean deliveries in public hospitals of Addis Ababa

Mekonnen¹,

Shewangizaw²

2021

Preprint

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Background WHO and UNICEF recommend breastfeeding to be initiated within the first hour of birth. It is possible to initiate breastfeeding within an hour of birth regardless of the method of delivery. Despite this, the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding remains low in Ethiopia with both delivery modalities. Therefore, this study aims to compare timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors with cesarean and vaginal deliveries in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, 2021. Methods and materials: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to February 2021 in public hospitals of Addis Ababa. 322 mothers within three days of delivery at the postnatal ward of the respective public hospitals were selected. A multi-stage sampling method was employed with the final participants being recruited by systematic random sampling. Data was entered to Epi data Version 4.6 and analysis was performed by SPSS Version 26. A Binary and multivariate logistic regression statistical model was used. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to see the strength of association. Result Timely breastfeeding initiation was 79 (51.2%) and 123 (80%) for cesarean and vaginal deliveries. With a vaginal delivery, pre-lacteal feeding (AOR= 5.50, 95% CI:1.83-16.57) was significantly associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding. Multiparty (AOR= 2.14, 95% CI: 1.02-4.50), support from health care worker (AOR= 2.602, 95% CI: 1.16-5.82), and pre-lacteal feeding (AOR= 2.55, 95% CI: 1.13-5.75) were significantly associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding with cesarean delivery. Conclusion The rate of timely initiation of breastfeeding differs according to the mode of delivery. Cesarean delivery, as compared to vaginal delivery, was associated with a higher mean and median time for initiation of breastfeeding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers with vaginal and cesarean deliveries in public hospitals of Addis Ababa

Mekonnen¹,

Shewangizaw²

2021

Preprint

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“…Caregiver factors were mentioned by 75.0% (42 of 56) of studies, including 37 studies (66.1%) that described barriers [ 31 , 32 , 34 – 36 , 38 , 43 , 46 , 50 – 52 , 55 , 56 , 58 – 62 , 64 , 66 , 68 – 84 ] and 27 studies (48.2%) that described facilitators [ 32 , 37 , 38 , 43 , 44 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 55 , 58 , 60 , 61 , 68 , 69 , 71 – 76 , 79 – 82 , 84 , 85 ]. Frequently mentioned barriers included inadequate lactation counselling [ 32 , 34 , 43 , 52 , 72 , 79 ] and misconceptions [ 34 – 36 , 50 , 52 , 55 , 56 , 60 , 62 , 68 , 72 , 74 , 77 , 79 , 83 ], such as breastmilk alone would not meet nutritional needs for the baby, formula was healthier, colostrum was dirty or not real breastmilk, infants required water in hot weather or infants required rest after delivery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study from Malawi suggested that HIV-positive mothers saw exclusive breastfeeding as very demanding on their bodies and made them prone to develop AIDS faster [ 74 ]. Caesarean section and breast complications were also frequently mentioned challenges [ 34 , 38 , 51 , 52 , 71 , 72 , 78 , 83 ]. A study from Uganda found that caesarean delivery was associated with an over 8-fold rate of delayed initiation to breastfeeding (aOR 8.6, 95% CI: 4.7–16.0) [ 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous knowledge about breastfeeding, such as learned through antenatal care [ 37 , 46 , 61 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 76 , 80 ], and positive attitudes [ 32 , 55 , 71 , 74 , 76 , 80 – 82 ] helped to facilitate breastfeeding practice. However, the value of receiving postpartum counselling and support to learn breastfeeding skills and techniques was also frequently mentioned [ 37 , 44 , 48 , 51 , 58 , 61 , 71 – 73 , 75 , 76 , 82 ]. This was especially true for preterm and low birthweight babies [ 38 , 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barriers and facilitators for early and exclusive breastfeeding in health facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Kinshella

Prasad

Hiwa

et al. 2021

glob health res policy

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Background Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionate burden of under-five child deaths in the world and appropriate breastfeeding practices can support efforts to reduce child mortality rates. Health facilities are important in the promotion of early and exclusive breastfeeding. The purpose of this review was to examine facility-based barriers and facilitators to early and exclusive breastfeeding in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods A systematic search was conducted on Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, African Journals Online and African Index Medicus from database inception to April 29, 2021 and primary research studies on breastfeeding practices in health facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa were included in the review. We assessed qualitative studies with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist and quantitative studies using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tool. The review protocol was registered to Prospero prior to conducting the review (CRD42020167414). Results Of the 56 included studies, relatively few described health facility infrastructure and supplies-related issues (5, 11%) while caregiver factors were frequently described (35, 74%). Facility-based breastfeeding policies and guidelines were frequently available but challenged by implementation gaps, especially at lower health service levels. Facilitators included positive caregiver and health worker attitudes, knowledge and support during the postpartum period. Current studies have focused on caregiver factors, particularly around their knowledge and attitudes, while health facility infrastructure and supplies factors appear to be growing concerns, such as overcrowding and lack of privacy during breastfeeding counselling that lowers the openness and comfort of mothers especially those HIV-positive. Conclusion There has been a dramatic rise in rates of facility births in Sub-Saharan Africa, which must be taken into account when considering the capacities of health facilities to support breastfeeding practices. As the number of facility births rise in Sub-Saharan Africa, so does the responsibility of skilled healthcare workers to provide the necessary breastfeeding support and advice to caregivers. Our review highlighted that health facility infrastructure, supplies and staffing appears to be a neglected area in breastfeeding promotion and a need to strengthen respectful maternity care in the delivery of breastfeeding counselling, particularly in supporting HIV-positive mothers within the context of Sub-Saharan Africa.

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“…Among the included studies, seven of them were from Amhara region [ 19 , 20 , 24 , 25 , 30 – 32 ], two studies from each of the following; Tigray [ 22 , 33 ], Oromo [ 34 , 35 ], South Nation Nationality and Peoples region (SNNPR) [ 18 , 36 ] and Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) data [ 21 , 26 ] while the remaining two studies were contributed from Addis Ababa [ 37 ] and Afar region [ 38 ] (one study for each). All eligible studies in this review were cross-sectional study design consisting 29,919 mothers as study participant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of cesarean section on timely initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Timely initiation of breastfeeding is feeding of breast milk within one hour of birth, however, three in five babies were not breastfed in the first hour of birth globally. There is evidence that cesarean section is the major constraint for this low prevalence, but the impact of cesarean section on timely initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to provide evidence for policy makers, health professionals and program implementers. Methods This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINHAL, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Cochrane Library were used to search relevant studies and was conducted up to February 2021. Random effects model meta-analysis was applied to estimate the pooled impact of cesarean section on timely initiation of breastfeeding with 95% confidence intervals (CI). I2 statistical test and, funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to check heterogeneity and publication bias across included studies respectively. Results According to meta-analysis of 17 studies, the pooled estimate of timely initiation of breastfeeding among women who had cesarean section in Ethiopia was 40.1% (95% CI 33.29, 46.92). The meta-analysis of 29,919 study participants showed that cesarean section was associated with a 79% lower odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared with vaginal birth (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.16, 0.28). Conclusions In Ethiopia, almost only one-third of mothers who gave birth by cesarean section initiate breastfeeding within one hour of birth, much lower than the pooled prevalence among general population. Special health promotion, intervention and healthcare provider support during immediate or early skin to skin contact, and having focused breastfeeding guidelines for post-operative patient and trained health professionals should be considered for mothers who give birth through cesarean section.

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Prevalence and associated factors of early initiation of breastfeeding among women delivered via Cesarean section in South Gondar zone hospitals Ethiopia, 2020

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers with vaginal and cesarean deliveries in public hospitals of Addis Ababa

Timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers with vaginal and cesarean deliveries in public hospitals of Addis Ababa

Barriers and facilitators for early and exclusive breastfeeding in health facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Impact of cesarean section on timely initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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