RETRACTED ARTICLE: Long non-coding RNA PCAT1 drives clear cell renal cell carcinoma by upregulating YAP via sponging miR-656 and miR-539

Abstract

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common RCC subtype with high metastasis, poor prognosis and conventional chemotherapy resistance. Prostate cancer associated transcript 1 (PCAT1) is an important lncRNA that was reported to be involved in cell proliferation, migration and invasion of several types of cancer cells. However, its role in ccRCC is still undetermined. This study found that PCAT1 levels were elevated in ccRCC tumors as well as several ccRCC cells, and knockdown of PCAT1 with siRNA (si-PCAT1) alleviated cell proliferation, migration and invasion of Caki-2 and ACHN cells. With bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reported assay, RNA pull-down assay and Spearman's correlation analysis, we demonstrated that PCAT1 acted as a sponge for miR-656 and miR-539. Moreover, we found dual competitive interaction of miR-656/539 with PCAT1 and yes-associated protein (YAP), resulting in the identification of PCAT1-miR-656/539-YAP axis in Caki-2 and ACHN cells. With CCK-8 assay and transwell assay, miR-656/539 inhibitor or YAP overexpression could alleviate the effects of si-PCAT1 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of Caki-2 and ACHN cells. Our data indicated that PCAT1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells by upregulating YAP via sponging miR-656 and miR-539. Taken together, this study provided a novel therapeutic target for ccRCC treatment.

RETRACTED: Oncogenic miR-27a delivered by exosomes binds to SFRP1 and promotes angiogenesis in renal clear cell carcinoma

“… 1 Notably, renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC) represents the most frequently occurring subtype of RCC and one of the most fatal urological tumors across the globe, 2 accompanied by alarmingly high aggressiveness, unfavorable prognosis, and therapy resistance. 3 Evidence exists demonstrating that RCCC leads to metabolic disorders and boosted angiogenesis, and therefore characterization of potential tumorigenesis-related molecules may contribute to innovated treatment options. 4 It is interesting that therapeutic strategies to combat angiogenesis have been widely proposed in variable malignancies, especially in the context of RCC.…”

Comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

“…18 PCAT1 sponges miR-539 and miR-656 for YAP, the same target. 35 From the intersection of the ceRNA network, two lncRNAs, MALAT1 and PVT1, are found to bind the same miRNA, miR-200s, in our ceRNA network (Figure 2). MALAT1 binds miR-200s to regulate ZEB2 expression, whereas PVT1 binds miR-200s to regulate ZEB1 and BMT1 besides ZEB2 (Figure 2).…”

Relationship between long non-coding RNA PCAT-1 expression and gefitinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer cells

“…PCAT-1 confers DDP resistance in gastric cancer (GC) cells through the miR-128/ZEB1 axis, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for GC [ 41 ]. PCAT1 levels are elevated in ccRCC tumors and several ccRCC cells, and PCAT1 knockdown with siRNA (si-PCAT1) alleviated Caki-2 and ACHN cell proliferation, migration, and invasion [ 42 ]. PI3K/AKT and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) are two key signal pathways involved in cell signal transduction and tumor cell survival and proliferation [ 43 ].…”