RETRACTED ARTICLE: Jawbone microenvironment promotes periodontium regeneration by regulating the function of periodontal ligament stem cells

Abstract

During tooth development, the jawbone interacts with dental germ and provides the development microenvironment. Jawbone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (JBMSCs) maintain this microenvironment for root and periodontium development. However, the effect of the jawbone microenvironment on periodontium tissue regeneration is largely elusive. Our previous study showed that cell aggregates (CAs) of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promoted periodontium regeneration on the treated dentin scaffold. Here, we found that JBMSCs enhanced not only the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) but also their adhesion to titanium (Ti) material surface. Importantly, the compound CAs of PDLSCs and JBMSCs regenerated periodontal ligament-like fibers and mineralized matrix on the Ti scaffold surface, both in nude mice ectopic and minipig orthotopic transplantations. Our data revealed that an effective regenerative microenvironment, reconstructed by JBMSCs, promoted periodontium regeneration by regulating PDLSCs function on the Ti material.

Evaluation of the periodontal regenerative properties of patterned human periodontal ligament stem cell sheets

“…Both genes are known to be expressed during osteogenic and cementogenic differentiation [ 37 ]. ALP, an early marker for osteogenic differentiation, plays a role in bone matrix mineralization through regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway [ 38 ]. Upregulation of ALP means that the fabricated patterned cell sheet would promote the osteogenic and cementogenic induction potential of hPDLSCs.…”

“…Consequently, the patterned hPDLSC sheet did not upregulate genes associated with periodontal tissue maturation in the absence of an osteogenic supplement. Most periodontal regeneration studies have focused on osteogenic induction, whereas this study focused on the advantages of patterned hPDLSC sheets for both periodontal osteogenic and ligamentogenic induction, which contribute to the regeneration of periodontal tissue [ 38 ]. The results of this study may indicate that nanotopography-induced patterning of the hPDLSC sheet has significant implications for improving the early periodontal tissue formation potential.…”

Electrospun Zein/Gelatin Scaffold-Enhanced Cell Attachment and Growth of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

“…Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), a subpopulation with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), can be easily obtained from periodontal tissues, and the strong ability of formation of new bone, cementum, functional periodontal ligament and blood vessel has been proven [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Accumulating evidence implies human PDLSCs can act as a seed cell in cell-based therapy and tissue regeneration [ 8 , 9 ]. Recently, it has been reported that the bone formation was enhanced when combined PDLSCs with bovine-derived bone mineral materials, and the effect of clinical application on treating periodontal defects turned out to be desirable [ 10 ].…”

Three-dimensional periodontal tissue regeneration using a bone-ligament complex cell sheet

“…However, previously it was shown that there was no mineralized tissue formation in cells cultured without an osteogenic induction medium 45 A proper periodontal tissue reconstruction around the dental implant has been demonstrated with a vertical alveolar bone regeneration using the dental follicle tissues in which the layered cell differentiation has occurred 46 . For the functional regeneration of periodontal tissue, several studies indicated the importance of a biological cross-talk between bone cells and PDL cells through the fabrication of a composite cell sheet by mixing both cells 47,48 . In addition, an attractive transplantation method with the combination of multiple types of uniform cell sheets has been attempted to reproduce the periodontal tissue structure; however, the complete complex structure of natural periodontal tissue is not established 49 .…”