RETRACTED ARTICLE: Field evaluation of intensive compost application on Cd fractionation and phytoavailability in a mining-contaminated soil

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of chicken manure compost on the fractionation of cadmium (Cd), soil biological properties and Cd uptake by wheat in a soil affected by mining activities in Hubei province, China. Compost was applied at five levels (0, 27, 54, 108, 216 t ha(-1)), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was chosen as an indicator plant. Results showed that the application of compost increased soil pH and the content of total phosphorus and organic matter. Soil biological properties such as microbial biomass carbon, invertase, protease, urease and catalase activities were significantly enhanced by 0.24-3.47 times after compost application. Sequential extraction indicated that compost amendments decreased the acid-extractable Cd by 8.2-37.6 %, while increased the reducible and oxidisable Cd by 9.2-39.5 and 8.2-60.4 %, respectively. The addition of 27-54 t ha(-1) compost reduced Cd content in wheat stems and seeds by 69.6-75.0 % and 10.3-18.4 %, respectively. However, only 25.5-26.5 % reductions in Cd content in wheat stems were observed in 108-216 t ha(-1) compost amendments, and no significant decrease was detected for seeds. This study suggests that although compost is a suitable organic amendment to improve soil fertility and biological activities, the addition of compost should be moderated by an appropriate rate to optimize the use of compost for the reclamation of metal-contaminated soils at field scale.

Effects of Pulp and Na-Bentonite Amendments on the Mobility of Trace Elements, Soil Enzymes Activity and Microbial Parameters under Ex Situ Aided Phytostabilization

“…The positive effects of organic waste and fermented sugar beet on soil biodiversity as well as the activities of dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase were observed by Bending et al [55] and Kohler et al [56]. The studies conducted by Mingorance et al [57] and Li et al [42] also revealed the positive influence of compost and Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill. ), Lolium perenne L., Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.)…”

“…Likewise, the high efficiency of Zn, Cd and Pb immobilization by fly ash and red mud during an aided phytostabilization was established by Lopareva-Pohu et al [41] and Pavel et al [9]. The other materials that have proved to be efficient stabilizers of Pb, Cd and Zn in the soil from mining areas are green compost and compost with a high content of humic acids [15,42,43]. …”

“…), Lolium perenne L., Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) [57] and Triticum aestivum L. [42] on the activities of dehydrogenase and urease in soil under an aided phytostabilization. Similar to what was demonstrated in this study, Ascher et al [58] proved an increase in the activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and urease in soil with zero-valent iron or beringite and Lactuca sativa L.(cv.…”

Cadmium Uptake by Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): An Overview

“…Composting increases soil OM, microbial activity, plant growth, and vegetable production [82]. Moreover, 69.6% to 75% and 10.3% to 18.4% of Cd in stems and seeds of wheat, respectively, are reduced by adding 27-54 t ha −1 of compost [84]. Khedr et al [85] reported that adding vermicompost can reduce extractable/available Cd by up to 98% in soil under wheat cultivation.…”

Pilot Scale Use of Compost Combined with Sorbents to Phytostabilize Ni-Contaminated Soil Using Lolium perenne L.

“…Phytostabilization may be supported using a variety of additives, including composts and mineral sorbents [29]. Previous studies [30][31][32][33] have shown that individual materials used as additives aid phytostabilization. In this article, the authors recognized the impact of new amendments in the form of mineral and organic mixture on the process of aided phytostabilization in a soil artificially contaminated with Ni, enabling their use under in-situ conditions.…”