Retort carbonization of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) waste for thermal energy recovery

Adeniyi, Adewale George; Adeyanju, Comfort Abidemi; Iwuozor, Kingsley O.; Odeyemi, Samson Olalekan; Emenike, Ebuka Chizitere; Te-Erebe, David K.

doi:10.1007/s10098-022-02415-w

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Afterwards, the heating chamber was covered properly with the aid of its lid. 30,34 To study the combustion process within the reactor, the temperature of the reactor was recorded with the aid of an infrared thermometer. The temperature was taken from four major points of the reactor as shown in Figure 1; the base or bottom of the reactor; the mid-point of the reactor; the top; and then the center of the reactor, which is just above the reactor's exhaust.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The feedstock was then introduced into the batch reactor. The dimension of the reactor used for this study has previously been described by Adeniyi, Ighalo, Onifade 29 and Adeniyi, Adeyanju, Iwuozor, Odeyemi, Emenike, Ogunniyi, Te‐Erebe 30 . It utilized the Top‐lit Updraft technology with retort heating for biomass‐plastic waste conversion into biochar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biomass fuel was ignited from the top and allowed to circulate around the entire top perimeter of the heating chamber. Afterwards, the heating chamber was covered properly with the aid of its lid 30,34 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of waste biaxially‐oriented polypropylene plastic films by its co‐carbonization with almond leaves

Adeniyi

Amusa²,

Iwuozor

et al. 2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This study utilized the top-lit updraft technology for the co-carbonization of waste biaxially-oriented polypropylene (BOPP) and almond leaves (Terminalia catappa) for the production of hybrid biochar, which was then further characterized. Biochar was also synthesized and characterized using the almond leaves alone, as it served as control for the study. The carbonization process, which ran for 100 min, gave a yield of 39.4% and 33.9% for biochar and hybrid biochar, respectively. FTIR spectra showed the presence of functional groups such as amine and carbonyl groups in the hybrid biochar. EDX results showed that the hybrid biochar contained about 57.3% carbon, in combination with other elements. SEM micrographs confirmed the presence of the plastic in the hybrid biochar. In addition, the hybrid biochar had a BET surface area of 366.8 m 2 /g and a pore diameter of 2.093 nm. DTA/TGA analysis showed that the presence of the plastics decreased the thermal stability of the hybrid biochar. This study supports the use of Terminalia catappa leaves as a reliable precursor for the synthesis of biochar and hybrid biochar.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of waste biaxially‐oriented polypropylene plastic films by its co‐carbonization with almond leaves

Adeniyi

Amusa²,

Iwuozor

et al. 2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The simple elutriation of product gases was ensured by an exhaust fume that was vertically oriented. Round and triangular openings at the reactor's base enabled air and oxygen to be drawn up to the top of the reactor, where the combustion front was located 35,36 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Round and triangular openings at the reactor's base enabled air and oxygen to be drawn up to the top of the reactor, where the combustion front was located. 35,36 Batch experiment procedure Experimental samples used in this investigation were dried cow dung alone and dried cow dung with dried Daniella oliveri leaves as feedstocks (co-conversion). In a ratio of 3:1 by weight, cow dung and Daniella oliveri leaves were combined for the co-conversion procedure.…”

Section: Reactor Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical conversion of African balsam leaves‐cow dung hybrid wastes into biochar

Adeniyi

Iwuozor

Emenike

2022

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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African balsam (Daniella oliveri) leaves and cow dung are waste materials that are commonly accessible in Africa and can be used to produce biochar by simultaneous thermochemical processing. In this study, biochar was produced in a retort‐heated, non‐electrically powered, top‐lit updraft reactor using the biomass fuel‐powered thermochemical conversion of dried cow dung and African balsam leaves at an average temperature of 320 °C. The biochar was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetric analysis (DTA/TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. After carbonization for 100 min, biochar was obtained from processed mixed leaves/cow dung with a yield of 70%. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed the presence of alkene, hydroxyl, alkyne, alkane, and sulfur‐containing functional groups. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the biochar's surface was made up of fibrillated particles with very few pores. The biochar was observed to have a surface area of 328.199 m2/g with a higher pore volume and lower pore size than biochar produced from cow dung alone. Energy dispersive spectroscopy showed that the biochar is mostly made up of carbon (67%), and that the introduction of the leaves into the biochar feedstock increased its carbon, silicon, potassium, and bromine content. Differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetric analyses revealed the biochar to be thermally stable. The findings of this study are helpful for attempts to manage solid wastes (African balsam leaves and cow dung), reduce environmental pollution, and produce biochar whose properties are adequate for it to be used as a soil additive. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Unlocking the potential of teak seed waste: carbonization for sustainable resource transformation

Adeniyi,

Iwuozor,

Ezzat

et al. 2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The importance of carbonizing teak seed waste lies in unlocking its untapped potential for sustainable resource transformation while achieving waste management and converting the waste to more valuable products. This study investigates the production and characterization of teak‐seed biochar employing a top‐lit updraft reactor. The process parameters include a carbonization time of 2 h and a peak temperature of 379 °C, resulting in a substantial yield of 42%. Elemental analysis reveals the biochar's composition, consisting of 77.20% carbon and 18.79% potassium, positioning it as a valuable resource with versatile applications. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showcases a rich variety of functional groups within the biochar, including alcohols, carboxylic and phenolic groups, amides, and various hydrocarbon structures, signifying its multifaceted potential for applications like the adsorption of aqueous pollutants, soil stabilization, and enhanced ion‐exchange capacity. Textural assessments emphasize its noteworthy surface area (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) analysis: 190.05 m2g−1; Langmuir: 1664.35 m2g−1), micropore volume (0.069 cm3g−1), and total pore volume (0.097 cm3/g−1), primarily characterized by mesoporous attributes (pore diameter: 2.153 nm), rendering it suitable for various applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of surface morphology reveals a rough texture embellished with various‐sized and shaped particles, distinguished by their silvery, shiny appearance, which is attributed to the biochar's elemental composition, particularly the presence of potassium. These findings underline the promising potential of teak seed biochar across multiple applications, including agriculture, wastewater treatment, and environmental remediation.

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Retort carbonization of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) waste for thermal energy recovery

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Valorization of waste biaxially‐oriented polypropylene plastic films by its co‐carbonization with almond leaves

Valorization of waste biaxially‐oriented polypropylene plastic films by its co‐carbonization with almond leaves

Thermochemical conversion of African balsam leaves‐cow dung hybrid wastes into biochar

Unlocking the potential of teak seed waste: carbonization for sustainable resource transformation

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