Retinopathy of prematurity: a study of incidence and risk factors

Parekh, Anjali; Behera, Manas Kumar; Kulkarni, Sucheta; Narwadkar, Pravin; Natu, Sanjay

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20163669

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…All were having no significant association with ROP. [11][12][13][14][15][16]8 Significantly lower incidence may explained by the fact that these studies involved extremely premature infants also and very low birth weight infants and loss of such infants due to death or lost to follow-up in our study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, in a study on 172 pre-terms at Egypt, 33 had ROP, out of which 45.83% (n=11) of <32 wks and only 14.86% (n=22) of ≥32 wks pre-terms developed ROP with a p <0.001 suggesting it to be a significant factor. 11,15 This can be explained by immaturity of vascularization that induces an increased susceptibility of the retina to oxidative damage.…”

Section: Association With Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 However, no significant association with sepsis was seen in the study done at Pune (p=0.34) and Mangalore (p=0.48). 11,18 This may be explained by the effect of endotoxins due to sepsis on retinal blood vessels.…”

Section: Association With Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

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A prospective study to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity at a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan and delineate its risk factors

Mantri¹,

Makwana²,

Goyal³

et al. 2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is one of the most common causes of preventable blindness in children. Recent advances in the neonatology have increased preterm survival and so has the ROP incidence. Studies all over the world and across the country have shown a wide range for incidence of ROP and so it is difficult to gauge the exact incidence, especially in our region.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in neonatal units of the Department of Paediatrics, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur for a duration of six months. All newborns delivered in hospitals associated with Dr S. N. Medical College with gestation age at birth <34weeks and 34-36weeks associated with risk factors subjected to ROP screening by indirect ophthalmoscope by a trained ophthalmologist. Neonates with congenital cataract, hazy cornea, abnormal anterior chamber and those who expired or lost to follow up before sufficient examination could be done were excluded.Results: Out of 250 newborns screened, 34 (13.6%) were found positive for ROP and out of these 34, 18 (52.94%) had stage I, 11 (32.35%) had stage II, 5 (14.7%) had stage III and none for stage IV and V. Prolonged oxygen therapy, low birth weight, apnoea and sepsis were found to be significant risk factor (p<0.05) with the relative risk of 12.49, 3.71, 3.03 and 1.91 respectively.Conclusions: ROP is a preventable cause of blindness in children. Thus, its screening is indispensable and it has to be intensified in presence of risk factors such as prolonged oxygen therapy, low birth weight, apnoea and sepsis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Association With Risk Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

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A prospective study to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity at a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan and delineate its risk factors

Mantri¹,

Makwana²,

Goyal³

et al. 2017

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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“…In a study by Kumar N et al, on univariate analysis birth weight, gestational age, oxygen administration, RDS, sepsis, exchange transfusion and mechanical ventilation were found to be significant factors. In another study by Anjali Parekh et al, 12 in case of severe ROP on univariate analysis we found that the higher incidence of risk factors such as ventilation, anaemia requiring blood transfusion, apnoea and seizures were significant determinants of severe ROP (P-value<0.05 for all). In a study done by Crystal Le, the most prevalent risk factors among patients with ROP are RDS (58%) and use of oxygen therapy (71%).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Prospective Observational Study of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Tirupati

Sivaramudu¹,

Sravya²,

Mrudula³

et al. 2019

jebmh

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BACKGROUND Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding vasoproliferative disorder of the retina with abnormal proliferation of blood vessels at the junction of vascular and avascular retina occurring in preterm low birthweight infants. A simple screening test done within a few weeks after birth by an ophthalmologist can avoid this preventable blindness. METHODS This is a hospital based prospective observational study done from October 2017 to September 2018 on all babies with gestational age less than 35 weeks and birthweight less than 1750g admitted in NICU, SVRRGGH, Tirupati during the study period. The babies were registered by optometrist and taken to the ophthalmologist for detailed evaluation by indirect ophthalmoscopy. Babies with ROP changes were followed up for progression and managed appropriately. Chisquare test is used to find association between ROP and risk factors. RESULTS Of the 201 babies included in the study, 23 babies had ROP. Overall incidence of ROP in present study was found to be 11.44%. The mean birth weight (t=2.1188; p=0.03) and mean gestational age (t=4.470, p value <0.0001) was significantly lower in babies with ROP compared to those without ROP. Of the 23 babies, ROP stage-1 was seen in 5 (21.73%), stage-2 in 8 (34.78%), stage-3 in 10 babies (43.47%) and Zone I disease was observed in 1 (4.3%), Zone II in 7 (30.43%) and Zone III in 15 (65.21%) babies was seen. 43.47% of babies with ROP required intervention and underwent laser photocoagulation and were treated successfully without any recurrence on follow up. Common risk factors found in the present study were oxygen-therapy (100%), hyperbilirubinemia (74.1%), RDS (61.7%), sepsis (28.8%), PIH (27.8%), multiple gestation (15.4%) and GDM (2.48%). Among them, oxygen therapy (p =0.000), multiple gestation (p=0.012) and sepsis (p=0.014) were found to be statistically significant risk factors on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis only oxygen therapy and sepsis were found to be independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Oxygen should be used as a drug only if there is a specific indication. Oxygen blenders should be used compulsorily. In NICU strict oxygen protocols have to be followed. Attempts should be made to keep PaO2 between 50-80 mmHg and SpO2 between 90-93%. Meticulous screening and regular follow up of high risk newborns and timely intervention will prevent morbidity due to ROP.

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“…Also, a study done by Sundar KC et al 13 also found that the mean BW of babies with and without ROP identified in their study was 1480 grams and 1620 grams respectively. The mean GA of babies with and without ROP was 32 weeks and 33 weeks respectively However, many Indian studies as well as International studies have not supported the fact that ROP does occur in heavier and older babies [14][15][16] .…”

Section: Mean Bw and Gamentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening in a Tertiary Care Centre

Shah

Khune

Balwir

2020

mvpjms

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Background:To conduct an effective ROP screening program according to the Indian standard needs and to identify the infants who could benefit from treatment and make appropriate recommendations on the timing of future screening. Aims and Objectives: To estimate the incidence of ROP among Premature infants. Materials and Methods: A Prospective Observational study of 2 years in which 170 patients were screened with following criteria: GA at birth of ≤35 weeks, BW <1700 gms, exposed to oxygen >30days, other factors that can increase the risk of ROP and where screening should be considered are premature babies >37 weeks and >1700gms but with the first screening was done within 4 weeks (30 days) of life in infants with age >28 weeks of GA, 2-3 weeks after birth if GA <28 weeks or BW is <1200gms. Results: Out of the 170 babies screened 35 babies had ROP. Incidence of ROP in our study was 20.59%. The sensitivity of AAP and UKRCPCH guidelines to ours were 77.14% and 60% respectively. Conclusion: ROP may be seen in heavier and larger babies in India that have consequently a shorter window period for development of ROP, Hence, a criteria screening even larger babies should be taken into consideration.

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Retinopathy of prematurity: a study of incidence and risk factors

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

A prospective study to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity at a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan and delineate its risk factors

A prospective study to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity at a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan and delineate its risk factors

Prospective Observational Study of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Tirupati

Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening in a Tertiary Care Centre

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