Retinopathy in Juvenile-Onset Diabetes of Short Duration

Frank, Robert N.; Hoffman, William H.; Podgor, Marvin J.; Joondeph, Howard C.; Lewis, Richard A.; Margherio, Raymond R.; Nachazel, Delbert P.; Weiss, Harold; Christopherson, Kenneth W.; Cronin, Margaret A.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(80)35282-2

Cited by 58 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…There may be a selection bias since the dropouts were significantly older and had longer durations of diabetes. The true prevalence may therefore be higher, since duration and age have invariably been known to be predominant risk factors for retinopathy in children and adolescents with IDDM [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of studies have been performed on hospital-based populations with a potential risk of selection bias [2][3][4]6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Duration of diabetes is invariably reported to be the most important risk factor for retinopathy [2][3][4][5][6]. Almost 100 % of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have signs of retinopathy 15 years after diagnosis of diabetes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Almost 100 % of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have signs of retinopathy 15 years after diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetic microvascular complications, such as retinopathy, have been reported to be very infrequent before onset of puberty, independent of prepubertal duration of diabetes [2][3][4][5][6]; thus, it has been suggested that routine examinations would be unnecessary before puberty.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents with IDDM

et al. 1997

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Summary Vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy can be prevented if it is diagnosed before becoming too advanced. Since diabetic retinopathy has been reported to occur only rarely before the end of pubertal development, children and adolescents are seldom included in screening programmes. We invited 780 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed before the age of 15.0 years (disease duration of < 12 years) and who were older than 9.0 years at the time of examination from eight regions of Sweden. Retinal examination was performed with stereoscopic fundus photograph. The photograph were rated according to a modified Airlie House classification. The dropouts (223/780, 28.6 %) were significantly older and with a longer duration of diabetes than the examined children (p < 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Photographs from 557 patients aged (median [interquartile range]:14.6 [12.4-17.0]) years and with a diabetes duration of 8.0 (5.5-9.9) years were evaluated. Retinopathy was demonstrated in 81 patients (14.5 %):66 with background retinopathy, 2 with microaneurysms and hard exudates, 12 with preproliferative retinopathy, 1 with proliferative retinopathy. Preproliferative retinopathy was diagnosed in a 12.8-year-old girl in pubertal stage 3 and an 11.8-year-old boy in pubertal stage 2, and proliferative retinopathy was found in a 21.5-year-old girl. Retinopathy was demonstrated in 6 % and 18 % of patients in pubertal stages 1 and 5, respectively. The overall prevalence of retinopathy in this population may even be higher since the dropouts were older and had a longer duration of diabetes. Since background and preproliferative retinopathy were found in children before puberty, we recommend including children and adolescents in screening programmes for diabetic retinopathy from the age of 10 years. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 307-310]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of studies have been performed on hospital-based populations with a potential risk of selection bias [2][3][4]6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents with IDDM

et al. 1997

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“…The range of prevalence data was wide, and a summary of the data is given in Table 2. 9,13,15-17, Those studies that specifically report the prevalence of retinopathy at diagnosis (rather than pooled prevalence data from patients who may have had varied exposure to the disease) suggest that the prevalence of DR of any severity in people with newly diagnosed diabetes is dependent upon the type of diabetes (type I or type II). Generally, the prevalence of retinopathy at diagnosis of type I diabetes is reportedly low, between 0 and 3%, 45,59,101,160 while a higher proportion of those with newly diagnosed type II diabetes have evidence of DR (6.7-30.2%). 14,32,39,79,98,104,160,166,170 Studies not confined to newly diagnosed diabetes show that the prevalence of DR in type I and type II diabetes is strongly correlated with duration of disease.…”

Section: Prevalence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema: a systematic review

Williams

Airey

Baxter

et al. 2004

Eye

400

243

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Aims To systematically review the literature on the prevalence and incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular oedema (MO). Methods A search of the bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL) was conducted up to October 2001. Selected relevant studies were scrutinized and included in the review. Results A total of 359 studies were included. The studies were reported in nearly 100 different journals and in over 50 countries. The majority of the studies were US-based, with large studies such as the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy dominating the literature. The studies were quite dated and highly heterogeneous in nature in terms of patient selection with variable inclusion criteria (age range, gender, diabetes duration and type, ethnicity, comorbidity, and DR status, assessment, and classification). Conclusions There are inconsistencies between epidemiological studies, and differences in study methods may contribute to conflicting reports of prevalence and incidence of DR and MO in diabetic populations. As new therapies for DR and its associated complications emerge, the need to capture and monitor new epidemiological data becomes increasingly important to be able to assess the impact and effectiveness of these therapies. Robust, longitudinal capture of patient data is, therefore, essential to evaluate the impact of current practice on the epidemiology of diabetic eye complications.

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Aldose Reductase Inhibition

Frank¹

1990

Arch Ophthalmol

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Retinopathy in Juvenile-Onset Diabetes of Short Duration

Cited by 58 publications

References 6 publications

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents with IDDM

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents with IDDM

Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema: a systematic review

Aldose Reductase Inhibition

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