Retinol Depletion in COVID-19

Sarohan, Aziz Rodan; Akelma, Hakan; Araç, Eşref; Aslan, Özgür; Çen, Osman

doi:10.1016/j.nutos.2022.05.007

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…This suggests that the decrease in RA synthesis and signaling caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection disrupts the production of IFN-I in severe COVID-19, thereby enabling the replication, transmission and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 without any hindrance in the host cells (Figure 2A-C). Our data corroborate a recent finding showing the depletion in serum retinol levels in severe COVID-19 patients that is independent of age and comorbidity (Sarohan et al, 2022). Another study has demonstrated a potent antiviral action of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) against SARS-CoV-2 virus by interrupting the spike-mediated cellular entry in both human cell lines and organoids of the lower respiratory tract (Tong et al, 2022).…”

Section: Dysregulation In the Retinol Metabolism Nrf2 Glucocorticoid ...supporting

confidence: 91%

Proteome profiling of nasopharynx reveals pathophysiological signature of COVID-19 disease severity

Ooi,

Esau,

Pugachev

et al. 2023

Preprint

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An aberrant innate immune system caused by the beta coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a characteristic manifestation of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we performed proteome profiling of nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs from 273 hospitalized patients with mild and severe COVID-19 symptoms, including non-survivors. We identified depletion in STAT1-mediated type I interferon response, retinol metabolism and NRF2 antioxidant system that are associated with disease severity in our patient demography. We found that the dysregulation of glucocorticoid signaling and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contribute to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 fatality. Hyperactivation of host innate immune system was observed in severe patients, marked by elevated proteins involved in neutrophil degranulation and platelet aggregation. Our study using high-throughput proteomics on the nasopharynx of COVID-19 patients provides additional evidence on the SARS-CoV-2-induced pathophysiological signatures of disease severity and fatality.

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Section: Dysregulation In the Retinol Metabolism Nrf2 Glucocorticoid ...supporting

confidence: 91%

Proteome profiling of nasopharynx reveals pathophysiological signature of COVID-19 disease severity

Ooi,

Esau,

Pugachev

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Vitamin A (retinol) is also required to convert naive T cells to regulatory T cells. It was suggested that retinol deficiency might contribute to the progression of severe COVID-19 (Sarohan et al 2021 ; Sarohan et al 2022 ). Retinol is also required for the integrity of the epithelium and is negatively linked to COPD (Caram et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using system biology and bioinformatics to identify the influences of COVID-19 co-infection with influenza virus on COPD

Liang

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2023

Funct Integr Genomics

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has speedily increased mortality globally. Although they are risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), less is known about the common molecular mechanisms behind COVID-19, influenza virus A (IAV), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This research used bioinformatics and systems biology to find possible medications for treating COVID-19, IAV, and COPD via identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from gene expression datasets (GSE171110, GSE76925, GSE106986, and GSE185576). A total of 78 DEGs were subjected to functional enrichment, pathway analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construct, hub gene extraction, and other potentially relevant disorders. Then, DEGs were discovered in networks including transcription factor (TF)-gene connections, protein-drug interactions, and DEG-microRNA (miRNA) coregulatory networks by using NetworkAnalyst. The top 12 hub genes were MPO, MMP9, CD8A, HP, ELANE, CD5, CR2, PLA2G7, PIK3R1, SLAMF1, PEX3, and TNFRSF17. We found that 44 TFs-genes, as well as 118 miRNAs, are directly linked to hub genes. Additionally, we searched the Drug Signatures Database (DSigDB) and identified 10 drugs that could potentially treat COVID-19, IAV, and COPD. Therefore, we evaluated the top 12 hub genes that could be promising DEGs for targeted therapy for SARS-CoV-2 and identified several prospective medications that may benefit COPD patients with COVID-19 and IAV co-infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10142-023-01091-3.

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“…Retinol is important for the transformation of naïve T cell to regular T-cells [ 58 ]. It has been proposed that retinol depletion may play a role in the progression to severe COVID-19 [ 59 ]. A defect in type 1 interferon synthesis in severe COVID-19 patients has been observed, and due to the role of retinol in the synthesis of type 1 interferon and the fact that severe COVID-19 patents have been observed to have retinol depletion [ 59 ], many of the widespread symptoms of COVID-19 could be explained at least in part due to retinol depletion, however this is a novel hypothesis and should be investigated further [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study to Examine If Dietary Habits Can Affect Symptomology in Mild Pre-Vaccination COVID-19 Cases

McDaid

Chopra

2022

Biology

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The heterogeneity of the severity of symptoms of COVID-19 experienced by the young and healthy individuals is poorly understood. The present study was undertaken to mainly examine whether the respective diets and the type of symptoms experienced by patients are predictive of having long COVID-19. Disease severity was assessed with a symptomatology questionnaire and used to group 55 participants in asymptomatic (AS), mild symptoms (S) and long COVID (LC). We found that experiencing a higher number of symptoms as well as fatigue were predictors of developing LC whereas those who experienced rhinorrhea were less likely to develop LC. Blood samples were also taken to measure vitamin D [25 (OH)D] concentrations and duration of spike IgG antibodies. In this study, serum 25 (OH)D was not significantly different between 3 symptom groups with median (IQR) ng/mL levels of 22.0 (12.3) in the AS, 22.3 (7.5) in S, and 24.9 (9.4) in the LC group (p ≥ 0.05). The duration of IgG antibody response was found to vary greatly, with some individuals showing raised IgG over a year after infection. To examine whether dietary factors can influence the severity of symptoms, diet was analysed using 4–7-day food diaries as well as a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Some nutrients such as vitamin E, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fibre, and iron were associated with lower severity of COVID-19. Lower intake of vitamin E was associated with having LC with a median (IQR) intake of 6.2 mg (3.8) seen in LC vs. 8.6 mg (7.2) in the AS group (p = 0.047). This pilot study has highlighted a few differences in the number and type of symptoms experienced by the young non-hospitalised individuals with mild and long COVID-19 and identified a few dietary components for their potential protective role against long COVID-19, however, the findings need to be confirmed with further large scale studies.

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Retinol Depletion in COVID-19

Cited by 13 publications

References 80 publications

Proteome profiling of nasopharynx reveals pathophysiological signature of COVID-19 disease severity

Proteome profiling of nasopharynx reveals pathophysiological signature of COVID-19 disease severity

Using system biology and bioinformatics to identify the influences of COVID-19 co-infection with influenza virus on COPD

A Pilot Study to Examine If Dietary Habits Can Affect Symptomology in Mild Pre-Vaccination COVID-19 Cases

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