RETINOBLASTOMA RELATED1 mediates germline entry in
            <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Zhao, Xiaoying; Bramsiepe, Jonathan; Durme, Matthias Van; Komaki, Shinichiro; Prusicki, Maria Ada; Maruyama, Daisuke; Forner, Joachim; Medzihradszky, Anna; Wijnker, Erik; Harashima, Hirofumi; Lu, You; Schmidt, Anja; Guthörl, Daniela; Sahún, Rosa María; Guan, Yonsheng; Pochon, Gaëtan; Grossniklaus, Ueli; Laux, Thomas; Higashiyama, Tetsuya; Lohmann, Jan U.; Nowack, Moritz K.; Schnittger, Arp

doi:10.1126/science.aaf6532

Cited by 88 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…To test if the Rb1‐kd drives overexpression of the germline factors as seen in other organisms, we analyzed the expression levels of Vasa and Nanos 2 , representative germline markers present in various organisms at Day 1 (23–26 hpf). In the sea urchin embryo, Vasa mRNA is maternally present and becomes gradually restricted into the germline after blastula stage, while Nanos2 mRNA expression is more transient and starts after 32‐cell stage in the germline and decreases by Day 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since both Rb1 transcript and protein appear to be enriched into mesenchymal cells after Day 1 ( Figures 1B and 2A), these results suggest that Rb1 may have specific functions in pigment cells. To test if the Rb1-kd drives overexpression of the germline factors as seen in other organisms, 10,11,26 we analyzed the expression levels of Vasa and Nanos 2, representative germline markers present in various organisms at Day 1 (23-26 hpf). In the sea urchin embryo, Vasa mRNA is maternally present and becomes gradually restricted into the germline after blastula stage, 27 while Nanos2 mRNA expression is more transient and starts after 32-cell stage in the F I G U R E 4 Legend on next page.…”

Section: Rb1 Functions In Cell Differentiation During Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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A tumor suppressor Retinoblastoma1 is essential for embryonic development in the sea urchin

Fernández-Nicolas

Yajima

2019

Developmental Dynamics

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Background Embryonic cells and cancer cells share various cellular characteristics important for their functions. It has been thus proposed that similar mechanisms of regulation may be present in these otherwise disparate cell types. Results To explore how regulative embryonic cells are fundamentally different from cancerous cells, we report here that a fine balance of a tumor suppressor protein Retinoblastoma1 (Rb1) and a germline factor Vasa are important for proper cell proliferation and differentiation of the somatic cells during embryogenesis of the sea urchin. Rb1 knockdown blocked embryonic development and induced Vasa accumulation in the entire embryo, while its overexpression resulted in a smaller‐sized embryo with differentiated body structures. These results suggest that a titrated level of Rb1 protein may be essential for a proper balance of cell proliferation and differentiation during development. Vasa knockdown or overexpression, on the other hand, reduced or increased Rb1 protein expression, respectively. Conclusions Taken together, it appears that Vasa protein positively regulates Rb1 protein while Rb1 protein negatively regulates Vasa protein, balancing the act of these two antagonistic molecules in somatic cells. This mechanism may provide a fine control of cell proliferation and differentiation, which is essential for regulative embryonic development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rb1 Functions In Cell Differentiation During Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

A tumor suppressor Retinoblastoma1 is essential for embryonic development in the sea urchin

Fernández-Nicolas

Yajima

2019

Developmental Dynamics

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“…DNA methylation is known to be important in modulating recombination rates in the model plant A. thaliana , which is realized in a strong anticorrelation between recombination rates and DNA methylation (Yelina et al , ; Zhao et al , ; Choi et al , ; Dluzewska et al , ; Tock and Henderson, ; Underwood et al , ). In line with that, we found that recombination rate and the level of DNA methylation were significantly anticorrelated, both in M. polymorpha and P. patens .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pseudomolecule‐scale genome assembly of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

et al. 2019

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Summary Marchantia polymorpha has recently become a prime model for cellular, evo‐devo, synthetic biological, and evolutionary investigations. We present a pseudomolecule‐scale assembly of the M. polymorpha genome, making comparative genome structure analysis and classical genetic mapping approaches feasible. We anchored 88% of the M. polymorpha draft genome to a high‐density linkage map resulting in eight pseudomolecules. We found that the overall genome structure of M. polymorpha is in some respects different from that of the model moss Physcomitrella patens. Specifically, genome collinearity between the two bryophyte genomes and vascular plants is limited, suggesting extensive rearrangements since divergence. Furthermore, recombination rates are greatest in the middle of the chromosome arms in M. polymorpha like in most vascular plant genomes, which is in contrast with P. patens where recombination rates are evenly distributed along the chromosomes. Nevertheless, some other properties of the genome are shared with P. patens. As in P. patens, DNA methylation in M. polymorpha is spread evenly along the chromosomes, which is in stark contrast with the angiosperm model Arabidopsis thaliana, where DNA methylation is strongly enriched at the centromeres. Nevertheless, DNA methylation and recombination rate are anticorrelated in all three species. Finally, M. polymorpha and P. patens centromeres are of similar structure and marked by high abundance of retroelements unlike in vascular plants. Taken together, the highly contiguous genome assembly we present opens unexplored avenues for M. polymorpha research by linking the physical and genetic maps, making novel genomic and genetic analyses, including map‐based cloning, feasible.

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“…Whether the loss of cohesin contributes to the formation of multiple meiocytes is not clear as yet. The germline in plants has to be established post-embryonically and there is accumulating evidence that the specification of meiocytes also involves a substantial reprogramming of chromatin possibly contributing to the repression of mitotic regulators and stem cell genes [50][51][52] . In this context it is interesting to note that the pattern of histone modifications is altered in swi1 mutants 53 .…”

Section: Swi1 Function Beyond the Control Of Cohesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SWITCH 1/DYAD is a novel WINGS APART-LIKE antagonist that maintains sister chromatid cohesion in meiosis

Yang

Hamamura

Sofroni

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Mitosis and meiosis both rely on cohesin, which embraces the sister chromatids and plays a crucial role for the faithful distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells. Prior to the cleavage by Separase at anaphase onset, cohesin is largely removed from chromosomes by the nonproteolytic action of WINGS APART-LIKE (WAPL), a mechanism referred to as the prophase pathway. To prevent the premature loss of sister chromatid cohesion, WAPL is inhibited in early mitosis by Sororin. However, Sororin homologs have only been found to function as WAPL inhibitors during mitosis in vertebrates and Drosophila. Here we show that SWITCH 1/DYAD defines a novel WAPL antagonist that acts in meiosis ofArabidopsis. Crucially, SWI1 becomes dispensable for sister chromatid cohesion in the absence of WAPL. Despite the lack of any sequence similarities, we found that SWI1 is regulated and functions in a similar

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RETINOBLASTOMA RELATED1 mediates germline entry in Arabidopsis

Cited by 88 publications

References 55 publications

A tumor suppressor Retinoblastoma1 is essential for embryonic development in the sea urchin

A tumor suppressor Retinoblastoma1 is essential for embryonic development in the sea urchin

A pseudomolecule‐scale genome assembly of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

SWITCH 1/DYAD is a novel WINGS APART-LIKE antagonist that maintains sister chromatid cohesion in meiosis

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