Retinoblastoma Incidence Trends in Canada: A National Comprehensive Population-Based Study

Darwich, Rami; Ghazawi, Feras M.; Rahme, Elham; Alghazawi, Nebras; Burnier, Julia V.; Sasseville, Denis; Burnier, Miguel N; Litvinov, Ivan V.

doi:10.3928/01913913-20190128-02

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Studies have shown that choroidal invasion can predict presence of metastasis more reliably than optic nerve invasion. In the series of Darwich and associates [32], it was reported that patients with choroidal invasion were more likely to develop systemic metastasis compared to the ones with or without optic nerve invasion ( P =0.0001). Choroidal invasion has also been found to correlate with molecular prognostic markers such as TP53 unlike other high risk factors (HRF) as it was once reported by Seema and associates [33] in India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological Findings of Retinoblastoma: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Hospital in Kampala, Uganda

Yahaya

Rugwizangoga

Mremi

et al. 2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Background. Retinoblastoma (RB) is one of the most common cancers occurring in young children in sub-Saharan Africa. The incidence rate reported in the literature is 9,000 new cases per year, which corresponds to 1 in 15,000 births. This study aimed at analyzing the clinicopathological findings in children with RB in Uganda. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the clinicopathological findings in the patients with RB. Design. This was a cross-sectional analytical study involving 234 eyeball surgical specimens from 214 patients with RB diagnosed between January 2006 and December 2015. Results. The mean age of the patients was 27.8 months (SD = 21.413, range: 1–132 months). More than half of the cases, 50.9%, presented with leucokoria. Invasion of choroid, sclera, anterior chamber, and optic nerve was found in 26.5% (n = 58), 51.2% (n = 88), 26.2% (n = 45), and 29.2% (n = 49), respectively. Twenty-six percent (n = 56) of the cases with intraocular tumour were at stage I and all patients with metastasis 4.7% (n = 11) had stage IV. The correlation between postlaminar optic nerve invasion and massive choroidal invasion was statistically significant (P=0.002). Also, there was a statistical significance difference between metastasis and postlaminar invasion (P=0.004). Conclusion. The majority of children with RB in Uganda present clinically with leucokoria, and their parents or guardians seek medical intervention at a later stage. Moreover, there was a noticeably significant lag period for the patients to begin treatment after the diagnosis was done.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological Findings of Retinoblastoma: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Hospital in Kampala, Uganda

Yahaya

Rugwizangoga

Mremi

et al. 2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Incidence and mortality data for oral cavity and oropharyngeal malignancies were extracted from 3 distinct but complementary population-based cancer databases (Canadian Cancer Registry [CCR], Le Registre Québécois du Cancer [LRQC], and Canadian Vital Statistics [CVS]) using the previously reported and established methods. 11 -34…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Patient Distribution of Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal SCC in Canada

Ghazawi

Savin

et al. 2020

J Cutan Med Surg

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Background Oral cavity cancers (OCCs) and oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) continue to be a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide requiring the shared effort of numerous specialists. Tobacco and alcohol consumption have long been identified as risk factors for both OCC and OPC. In addition, human papilloma virus (HPV) is gaining its position as the main causal agent for OPC. Objective The objective of this study is to analyze the epidemiology of OCC and OPC in Canada. Methods Data pertaining to the year of diagnosis, the patient’s sex, age at the time of diagnosis, province/territory, city and postal code of oral cavity, and oropharyngeal malignancies diagnosed during 1992-2010 were extracted from the Canadian Cancer Registry and Le Registre Québécois du Cancer. Results In total, 21 685 OCC cases and 15 965 OPC cases were identified from 1992 to 2010. Of those, 84.97% were oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 88.10% were oropharyngeal SCCs, and both had a significant male predominance. While oral cavity SCC incidence stabilized over the study period, oropharyngeal SCC continued to increase. Oral cavity SCC incidence increased with age, while oropharyngeal SCC incidence peaked in the 50- to 59-year age group. Detailed geographic distribution analysis of patients at the provincial/territorial, city, and postal code levels identified several patient clusters. Conclusions This work highlights important epidemiological differences in trends between oral and oropharyngeal cancers, identifies high-incidence postal codes for each malignancy, and correlates incidence/mortality with known risk factors including alcohol/tobacco use and HPV infections, therefore providing a comprehensive understanding of epidemiology for these cancers in Canada.

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“…Incidence data were collected from the Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) and Le Registre Québécois du Cancer (LRQC) databases and mortality data from the Canadian Vital Statistics (CVS), as previously reported. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penile Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of Incidence, Mortality Trends, and Geographic Distribution in Canada

Lagacé

Ghazawi

et al. 2019

J Cutan Med Surg

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Background Penile invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare disease with several known risk factors. However, few studies have assessed its incidence, mortality, and temporal trends. Objective Our objectives are to analyze the epidemiology of penile SCC in Canada and to examine patient distribution with this cancer across Canada in order to elucidate population risk factors. Methods Three independent cancer registries were used to retrospectively analyze demographic data from Canadian men diagnosed with penile invasive SCC between 1992 and 2010. The Canadian Census of Population was used to calculate incidence and mortality rates at the province and Forward Sortation Area levels. Results The overall age-adjusted incidence rate was 6.08 cases per million males. Four provinces with statistically significantly higher incidence rates were identified. The national crude incidence rates increased linearly between 1992 and 2010, whereas the age-adjusted incidence rates showed no significant increase during this time period. The overall age-adjusted mortality rate was 1.88 deaths per million males per year. The province of Saskatchewan had significantly higher mortality rates. There was no increase in crude or age-adjusted mortality rates between 1992 and 2010. There was a significant positive correlation between incidence rates and obesity, Caucasian ethnicity, and lower socioeconomic status. Conclusion This study was able to establish geographic variation for this malignancy at the provincial level. Although there are many established risk factors for penile SCC, our results suggest that the increase in crude incidence rates observed is largely due to the aging population.

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Retinoblastoma Incidence Trends in Canada: A National Comprehensive Population-Based Study

Cited by 40 publications

References 24 publications

Clinicopathological Findings of Retinoblastoma: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Hospital in Kampala, Uganda

Clinicopathological Findings of Retinoblastoma: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Hospital in Kampala, Uganda

Epidemiology and Patient Distribution of Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal SCC in Canada

Penile Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of Incidence, Mortality Trends, and Geographic Distribution in Canada

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