Retinal Vessel Analysis as a Novel Screening Tool to Identify Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Azanan, Mohamad Shafiq; Chandrasekaran, Sudhashini; Rosli, Erda Syerena; Chua, Ling Ling; Oh, Lixian; Chin, Tong Foh; Yap, Tsiao Yi; Rajagopal, Revathi; Rajasuriar, Reena; MacGillivray, Tom; Trucco, Emanuele; Ramli, Norlina; Kamalden, Tengku Ain; Ariffin, Hany

doi:10.1097/mph.0000000000001766

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…All measures are calculated by vessel type (arteriole or venule) and region (zone, whole image, quadrants). VAMPIRE is a validated software application and has been extensively used in several international studies 36 38 39…”

Section: Cohort Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort profile: rationale and methods of UK Biobank repeat imaging study eye measures to study dementia

et al. 2023

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PurposeThe retina provides biomarkers of neuronal and vascular health that offer promising insights into cognitive ageing, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. This article described the rationale and methodology of eye and vision assessments with the aim of supporting the study of dementia in the UK Biobank Repeat Imaging study.ParticipantsUK Biobank is a large-scale, multicentre, prospective cohort containing in-depth genetic, lifestyle, environmental and health information from half a million participants aged 40–69 enrolled in 2006–2010 across the UK. A subset (up to 60 000 participants) of the cohort will be invited to the UK Biobank Repeat Imaging Study to collect repeated brain, cardiac and abdominal MRI scans, whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, carotid ultrasound, as well as retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) and colour fundus photographs.Findings to dateUK Biobank has helped make significant advances in understanding risk factors for many common diseases, including for dementia and cognitive decline. Ophthalmic genetic and epidemiology studies have also benefited from the unparalleled combination of very large numbers of participants, deep phenotyping and longitudinal follow-up of the cohort, with comprehensive health data linkage to disease outcomes. In addition, we have used UK Biobank data to describe the relationship between retinal structures, cognitive function and brain MRI-derived phenotypes.Future plansThe collection of eye-related data (eg, OCT), as part of the UK Biobank Repeat Imaging study, will take place in 2022–2028. The depth and breadth and longitudinal nature of this dataset, coupled with its open-access policy, will create a major new resource for dementia diagnostic discovery and to better understand its association with comorbid diseases. In addition, the broad and diverse data available in this study will support research into ophthalmic diseases and various other health outcomes beyond dementia.

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Section: Cohort Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort profile: rationale and methods of UK Biobank repeat imaging study eye measures to study dementia

et al. 2023

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“…Since the eye offers direct visualization of the retinal microcirculation, it is possible to non-invasively evaluate the retinal vasculature through high-quality imaging and the assistance of reliable and validated software, and, consequently, visualize damage to the microcirculation in vivo. The vascularization of the retina can be easily observed using fundus photography, video recording, and tomographic technology, which is becoming a useful screening tool for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, given that several studies have demonstrated a correlation between the calibers of the retinal vessels and cardiovascular risk [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Vessel Analysis and Microvascular Abnormalities in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Roszkowska,

Leanza,

Aragona

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms are a group of clonal hematopoietic disorders including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofi-brosis. These neoplasms are characterized by an increased risk of thrombotic complications. Several studies have highlighted that the study of vessels of the retina offers the opportunity to visualize, in vivo, the damage to microcirculation that is common in various systemic pathologies. Methods: in our study, forty patients underwent an ophthalmological examination, using non-invasive imaging tech-niques, for analyses of their retinal vascularization. The objective was to correlate the findings ob-tained from this study of the retina with different markers of thrombotic risk, to demonstrate the usefulness of studying retinal vessels as a possible new prognostic biomarker of thrombotic risk in patients affected by Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Results: retinal imaging demonstrated changes in the microcirculation, with a reduced vascular density of the deep and superficial capillary plexuses with respect to a normal group, and a correlation between retinal changes and blood parameters. Conclusions: additional research will allow us to determine whether retinal changes in individuals with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms could be predictive of the development of thrombotic events in these subjects.

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“…The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of frail and prefrail phenotype in our multiethnic (ethnically diverse, single-center representative) Asian cohort of young adult survivors of childhood leukemia in comparison to their age-matched and sex-matched peers. In our earlier studies, we reported that the childhood ALL survivors were at higher risk for cardiometabolic conditions 15,16 and had evidence of dysregulated immune system such as elevated inflammatory biomarkers and increased circulating activated T cells 17 . Studies in elderly populations have shown that frailty is associated with metabolic conditions, 18,19 as well as chronic low-grade inflammation and an altered T-cell phenotype; a constellation of conditions known as “inflammaging.” Hence, we also examined the association between frailty phenotype with immune and metabolic derangements in our cohort of childhood ALL survivors with the aim of identifying potential areas for intervention.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical Inactivity as an Early Sign of Frailty in Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Chua

Azanan

et al. 2022

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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Young adult survivors of childhood leukemia have been reported with increased likelihood of age-related comorbidities compared with the general population. We compared the prevalence of frailty in young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n=58, median age=23 y, median survival time=18 y) with age-matched and sex-matched controls without history of cancer. Frailty phenotypes were determined using Fried frailty model. Association between frailty status and cardiometabolic conditions, systemic inflammation, and T-cell immunophenotype changes were also examined. Frailty and prefrailty were more common among survivors compared with controls (58.6% vs. 34.5%, P=0.019). Physical inactivity (39.7%) was the most frequently observed frailty criterion among the survivors. Prevalence of cardiometabolic conditions was comparable between the robust and frail/prefrail survivors. Robust survivors had a higher level of T-cell activation than the prefrail/frail survivors (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed for systemic inflammatory markers (IL-6 and C-reactive protein) and percentage of terminally differentiated T cells. Signs of frailty, especially physical inactivity, was detected in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors early in their third decade of life. Survivors who were prefrail/frail also had altered T-cell activation; however, the role of such changes in T-cell phenotype in the etiology of frailty warrant further investigation.

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Retinal Vessel Analysis as a Novel Screening Tool to Identify Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 66 publications

Cohort profile: rationale and methods of UK Biobank repeat imaging study eye measures to study dementia

Cohort profile: rationale and methods of UK Biobank repeat imaging study eye measures to study dementia

Retinal Vessel Analysis and Microvascular Abnormalities in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Physical Inactivity as an Early Sign of Frailty in Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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