Retinal vasculitis: A framework and proposal for a classification system

O’Keefe, Ghazala; Rao, Narsing A.

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.05.004

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 112 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In chronic stages, there may be retinal hypoxia, vascular sheathing, and pigmentary changes. 15,16 Among retinal vasculitides, phlebitis is most frequently encountered. Previously, arteritis has been assumed as the most prevalent type of retinal vasculitis in eyes with IRVAN syndrome.…”

Section: Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive overview of IRVAN syndrome: a structured review of Case Reports and Case Series

Khan

Shahzad

et al. 2022

Ophthalmol Eye Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN) syndrome is a rare spectrum of retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis affecting young individuals in their third decade. Most of our current knowledge is based on case reports, case series, and a handful of collaborative studies. There is much diversity in treatment approaches and outcomes in the reported literature. We have aggregated published case reports and case series into quantitative and narrative synthesis to draw evidence-based conclusions toward clinical features, atypical and rare findings, systemic associations, disease course, and treatment outcomes. The analysis suggested the disease mostly affects young individuals with a female predilection. Anterior chamber and vitreous inflammation are common than previously believed. The most prevalent pattern of retinal vasculitis in IRVAN eyes is mixed vasculitis, followed by arteritis and phlebitis. Most eyes at the time of presentation have capillary nonperfusion and require treatment. Most eyes retain good visual acuity; however, treatment is required to maintain visual function. Intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factors administered as an adjunct to retinal laser photocoagulation are more likely to improve visual outcomes. Besides, we have discussed the different hypotheses on the etiopathogenesis of the disease and stronger evidence suggests an inflammatory origin of the disease.

show abstract

Section: Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive overview of IRVAN syndrome: a structured review of Case Reports and Case Series

Khan

Shahzad

et al. 2022

Ophthalmol Eye Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fluorescein angiography, preferably wide-field, is needed to determine the presence of active vasculitis and its severity. However, there is no consensus accepted classification or grading system for retinal vasculitis [ 6 – 8 ]. Fundoscopic findings include, vascular sheathing or classical tram line appearance [ 9 ], perivascular retinal infiltrates, perivascular haemorrhages, retinal vessel occlusion, vessel beading and neovascularisation secondary to ischaemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of OCT and OCT angiography in retinal vasculitis

Dhirachaikulpanich

Chanthongdee

Zheng

et al. 2023

J Ophthal Inflamm Infect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Retinal vasculitis is a component of uveitis for which the Standardisation of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) working group has no standard diagnostic criteria or severity grading. Fluorescein angiography is the gold standard test to assess retinal vasculitis, but is invasive and time-consuming. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides non-invasive detailed imaging of retinal structures and abnormalities, including blood vessel architecture and flow with OCT angiography (OCT-A). However, use of OCT in retinal vasculitis beyond assessing macular oedema, is not well established. We conducted a systematic review to understand the features of retinal vasculitis in OCT, Enhanced-depth imaging OCT (OCT-EDI) and OCT-A imaging. Methods The systematic search was done in March 2022 and updated in January 2023, through PubMed, EMBASE and the Web of Science database for studies related to OCT, OCT-EDI and OCT-A findings and retinal vasculitis. Bias assessment was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist, and any findings associated with retinal vasculitis were extracted by qualitative analysis. Results We identified 20 studies, including 8 articles on OCT, 6 on OCT-EDI and 6 on OCT-A. The studies included analytical retrospective studies, case-series, and a case–control study. Five OCT studies reported secondary complications could be detected, and four reported retinal thickness alteration in retinal vasculitis. Five studies explored choroidal thickness alteration in OCT-EDI, and four explored capillary density alterations in retinal vasculitis using OCT-A. The heterogeneity in the studies’ analysis and design precluded a meta-analysis. Discussion There were no clear OCT, OCT-EDI or OCT-A findings that demonstrated potential to supersede fluorescein angiography for assessing retinal vasculitis. Some signs of macular structural effects secondary to retinal vasculitis may help prognostication for vision. The OCT signs of inflamed retinal vessels and perivascular tissue is an unexplored area.

show abstract

“…[12] предложили развернутую классификацию системных васкулитов в зависимости от размера пораженных сосудов и схожести начальных клинических проявлений. В офтальмологии клиническая картина васкулитов также варьирует в зависимости от диаметра пораженных сосудов: при вовлечении мелких сосудов, как правило, на сетчатке могут наблюдаться белесые ватообразные очаги по ходу сосудов с локальным витреитом; при поражении более крупных сосудов в патологический процесс может вовлекаться диск зрительного нерва (ДЗН), макулярная область с появлением макулярного отека и сосудистая оболочка (как отдельно хориоидея, так и совместно с цилиарным телом) [10,13]. При васкулитах сетчатки могут поражаться как артерии, так и вены, а также оба сосудистых русла одновременно, что является причиной разнообразия клинической картины.…”

unclassified

Modern concept of a new group of retinal vasculitis

Лоскутов

Коврижкина

Andryuhina

2022

Rossijskij oftalʹmologičeskij žurnal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Retinal vasculitis is a rare condition that occurs both in systemic severe diseases and as an adverse event of intraocular drug injections. With the emergence of new anti-VEGF drugs, a number of international authors report on the occurrence of retinal occlusive vasculitis, which led to a decrease in visual acuity. The review presents possible pathogeneses of this condition, approaches to its diagnosis and an algorithm for managing the patients with occlusive vasculitis.

show abstract

Retinal vasculitis: A framework and proposal for a classification system

Cited by 16 publications

References 112 publications

Comprehensive overview of IRVAN syndrome: a structured review of Case Reports and Case Series

Comprehensive overview of IRVAN syndrome: a structured review of Case Reports and Case Series

A systematic review of OCT and OCT angiography in retinal vasculitis

Modern concept of a new group of retinal vasculitis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About