Retinal vascular fractal dimension and cerebral blood flow, a pilot study

Nadal, Jeremy; Deverdun, Jérémy; Champfleur, Nicolas Menjot de; Carrière, Isabelle; Creuzot‐Garcher, Catherine; Delcourt, Cécile; Chiquet, Christophe; Kawasaki, Ryo; Villain, Max; Ritchie, Karen; Bars, Emmanuelle Le; Daïen, Vincent

doi:10.1111/aos.14232

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Instead, we found altered retinal microvasculature in PD patients, and microvascular density was lower in PD patients than in controls, particularly in the macular area. As retinal vasculature has embryologic origins similar to cerebral vasculature, it might be postulated that these two shared a common vascular pathophysiology (Gariano and Gardner, 2005;Nadal et al, 2020). Cerebral small-vessel disease was proven to be associated with incident parkinsonism and may be an underlying etiology (Bohnen and Muller, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Impairments Are Associated With Retinal Microvascular Density in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate retinal microvascular density in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and its correlation with visual impairment.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 24 eyes of 24 patients with PD and 23 eyes of 23 healthy controls. All participants underwent ophthalmic examination, visual evoked potential (VEP) test, 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) examination. The correlation between retinal microvascular density and visual parameter was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis, and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated.ResultsParkinson’s disease patients had prolonged P100 latency (P = 0.041), worse vision-related quality of life (composite score and 3 of 12 subscales in NEI VFQ-25), and decreased vessel density (VD) in all sectors of 3-mm-diameter region (all P < 0.05) compared with healthy controls. There were no statistical differences in the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness between the two groups. A negative correlation was found between P100 latency and nasal and superior sectors of macular VD in a 3-mm-diameter region (r = −0.328, P = 0.030; r = −0.302, and P = 0.047, respectively). Macular VD in a 3-mm-diameter region showed diagnostic capacities to distinguish PD patients from healthy controls (AUROCs, ranging from 0.655 to 0.723).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that decreased retinal microvascular density was correlated with visual impairment in PD patients. Retinal microvasculature change may occur earlier than visual decline and retinal structure change and has the potential to be a promising diagnostic marker for early PD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Impairments Are Associated With Retinal Microvascular Density in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Vessels are straight or slightly curved, with an appropriate ramification structure transporting blood with high efficiency and low energy ( 14 ). Retinal vasculature manifests as branching patterns, which sprout from the optic disk toward the periphery ( 15 , 16 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Retinal Vasculature in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Based on Ultra-Widefield Fundus Imaging

Feng

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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PurposeTo quantitatively analyze retinal vascular morphological features, such as vascular density, caliber, and tortuosity, in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).MethodsA total of 244 patients with RRD and 400 healthy controls (HC) were included. Retinal fundus images were collected using OPTOS PLC Daytona P200T. Retinal images were divided into RRD and non-RRD regions of interest (ROIs). All visible retinal fundus vessels were then extracted mainly based on edge detection within ROI to form the whole-vascular image. Retinal vasculature parameters, such as vascular density, caliber, and tortuosity, were calculated.ResultsFor the absolute density, the mean rank (MR) value of normal controls was significantly higher than that in non-RRD (p < 0.001). A consistent tendency of significant vascular density was increased from non-RRD to RRD (p < 0.001). The average and median diameters of normal controls were both significantly larger than RRD (p < 0.001). The average and median diameters were also appeared significantly thinner in non-RRD. Unweighted and width-inversely-weighted vascular tortuosity in RRD and non-RRD comparison exhibited non-significant differences. All types of tortuosity calculated from HC were significantly larger (p < 0.001) in values compared to RRD. All types of tortuosity values of HC were significantly higher than non-RRD. Compared with non-RRD, RRD was significantly larger in area-weighted, length-weighted, and width-weighted vascular tortuosity.ConclusionsThis study showed that RRD affects both the quantity and morphology of retinal vasculature, such as RRD and non-RRD areas. Smaller average and medium vascular diameters and tortuosity values were found in RRD. However, the absolute vascular density, the average and median diameter, and tortuosity values were also reduced in non-RRD although the retina is still attached. This work indicates that RRD may affect the retinal vasculature beyond the detached retina.

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“…It has been shown that at preclinical stages of retinal microangiopathies retinal blood flow is significantly higher and tends to lower with the development of the clinical stages of the diseases [37]. Moreover, the retinal and cerebral blood flow were positively correlated with the retinal vascular complexity summarized by the FD [38]. The FD is a direct biomarker of vessel branching, but does not provide any information regarding the perfusion status along the vessel lumen, where no branches are present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel noninvasive biomarkers of prodromal Alzheimer disease: The role of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography–angiography

Biscetti

Lupidi

Luchetti

et al. 2021

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purpose A reduction of retinal thickness and an alteration of retinal perfusion have been found in Alzheimer disease (AD). Nowadays, retinal layers and retinal perfusion can be evaluated by means of noninvasive imaging techniques, namely, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT‐angiography (OCT‐A). Here, we have compared the retinal thickness and the perfusion index, measured by means of OCT and OCT‐A, in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI‐AD) and in age‐ and sex‐matched cognitively healthy controls. Methods Twenty‐four MCI‐AD patients and 13 control subjects were enrolled. MCI‐AD patients underwent lumbar puncture; all of them showed a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile compatible with AD. OCT was used for evaluating retinal volumes and thicknesses, whereas with OCT‐A we measured fractal dimension (FD), vascular perfusion density (VPD), and vessel length density (VLD) of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris. The comparisons between groups were made after adjustment for age, diabetes, and hypertension. Results A significant reduction of SCP‐VLD (p = 0.012), ICP‐VPD (p = 0.015), ICP‐VLD (p = 0.004), DCP‐VPD (p = 0.012), and DCP‐VLD (p = 0.009) was found in MCI‐AD patients compared to controls. Conversely, FD was higher in MCI‐AD than in controls (p = 0.044). CSF Aβ42/total tau negatively correlated with FD (r = −0.51, p = 0.010). Conclusions OCT‐A might have a potential role in detecting new noninvasive biomarkers for early AD detection. Retinal VPD might identify amyloid angiopathy‐related chronic injury, and FD could show early vessel recruitment as a compensative mechanism at disease onset. Further studies will be needed to confirm these findings.

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Retinal vascular fractal dimension and cerebral blood flow, a pilot study

Cited by 21 publications

References 64 publications

Visual Impairments Are Associated With Retinal Microvascular Density in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease

Visual Impairments Are Associated With Retinal Microvascular Density in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease

Quantitative Analysis of Retinal Vasculature in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Based on Ultra-Widefield Fundus Imaging

Novel noninvasive biomarkers of prodromal Alzheimer disease: The role of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography–angiography

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