Retinal thickness and microvascular pathway in Idiopathic Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson's disease

Rascunà, Cristina; Cicero, Calogero Edoardo; Chisari, Clara Grazia; Russo, Andrea; Giuliano, Loretta; Castellino, N; Terravecchia, Claudio; Grillo, Marco; Longo, Antonio; Avitabile, Teresio; Zappia, Mario; Reibaldi, Michele

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.05.031

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The authors hypothesized that retinal impairment already occurs in the prodromic phase of PD which represents an early sign of neurodegeneration. Retinal thinning may then worsen with the progression of neurodegeneration, reflecting a continuum of neuronal damage that already begins in iRBD patients and continues with the onset of PD [45]. This continuum of damage was also observed in a later study by Wang et al in a larger cohort of patients in different stages of disease.…”

Section: Sd-oct Findingsmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Role of Alpha-Synuclein Deposits in Parkinson’s Disease: A Focus on the Human Retina

Pippo

Fragiotta

Staso

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the progressive deterioration of dopaminergic neurons in the central and peripheral autonomous system and the intraneuronal cytoplasmic accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein. The clinical features are the classic triad of tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia and a set of non-motor symptoms, including visual deficits. The latter seems to arise years before the onset of motor symptoms and reflects the course of brain disease. The retina, by virtue of its similarity to brain tissue, is an excellent site for the analysis of the known histopathological changes of PD that occur in the brain. Numerous studies conducted on animal and human models of PD have shown the presence of α-synuclein in retinal tissue. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) could be a technique that enables the study of these retinal alterations in vivo. The objective of this review is to describe recent evidence on the accumulation of native or modified α-synuclein in the human retina of patients with PD and its effects on the retinal tissue evaluated through SD-OCT.

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Section: Sd-oct Findingsmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Role of Alpha-Synuclein Deposits in Parkinson’s Disease: A Focus on the Human Retina

Pippo

Fragiotta

Staso

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…OCTA showed a pivotal clinical role in detecting vascular alteration in patients affected by systemic disorders. 7–9 In this case, no morphological alteration of the radial peripapillary vascular network was detected suggesting that the ischemic damage (caused by compression of the feeder vessels) is a less plausible theory. Accordingly, the reversibility of the visual acuity decline in this case, without neuronal cell death, supports a chronic fluid accumulation in the optic nerve without an acute ischemic event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Vision loss due to atypical bilateral edema of the optic nerve in a patient with hereditary angioedema: A case report

Castellino,

Dammino,

Scollo

et al. 2024

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose To describe a rare case of vision loss due to bilateral edema of the optic nerve in a patient with Hereditary Angioedema, treated with prophylactic C1-esterase inhibitor. Methods A 60-year-old Caucasian male affected by Hereditary Angioedema with unknown genetic defect (HAE- UNK) was admitted to our hospital presenting bilateral vision loss (best corrected visual acuity of 20/32 in the right eye and hand motion in the left eye) during an HAE attack. Intravenous administration of C1- esterase inhibitor (C1-INH, 1500 IU, Berinert, CSL Behring) determined the resolution of facial and periorbital swelling, however visual impairment persisted, in contrast with previous attacks experienced by the patient. Fundus examination revealed a vital optic disc without papilledema in both eyes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and orbits showed bilateral edema of the optic nerve sheath. Treatment with intravenous and oral steroids was ineffective. Subsequently, a prophylactic treatment strategy with subcutaneous C1-esterase inhibitor was started (7000 IU every four days). Results Complete regression of edema of the optic nerves was observed by imaging at two months of follow-up after chronic treatment with C1-esterase inhibitor (7000 IU every four days). Complete restoration of visual acuity was achieved (BCVA 20/20 in both eyes) and multimodal imaging of the optic nerves demonstrated the absence of anatomical and functional damage. Conclusion Patients affected by HAE may show atypical presentation with edema of the optic nerves without involvement of the optic nerve head. They may significantly benefit from prophylactic and chronic treatment with C1-esterase inhibitor.

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“…However, this was not statistically evaluated, and was not confirmed in the remaining sectors. A third study reported thinning of the RNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, OPL, and ONL in iRBD patients compared to HC, and also thinning in PD compared to HC [ 44 ]. The RNFL and GCL were thinner in PD versus iRBD, but none of the remaining layers were different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These layers were not thinned in our data, suggesting that the IPL may be thinner already in the prodromal iRBD stage whereas the RNFL and GCL degenerate later. However, the study had a small sample size, and reported no correction for multiple comparisons [ 44 ]. Overall, there are few published studies including iRBD populations in retinal research and the results are not always consistent, which heralds the need for further research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Thickness of the Retina in de novo Parkinson’s Disease Shows A Distinct Pattern, Different from Glaucoma

Chrysou,

Heikka,

van der Zee

et al. 2024

JPD

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Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients experience visual symptoms and retinal degeneration. Studies using optical coherence tomography (OCT) have shown reduced thickness of the retina in PD, also a key characteristic of glaucoma. Objective: To identify the presence and pattern of retinal changes in de novo, treatment-naive PD patients compared to healthy controls (HC) and early primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. Methods: Macular OCT data (10×10 mm) were collected from HC, PD, and early POAG patients, at the University Medical Center Groningen. Bayesian informative hypotheses statistical analyses were carried out comparing HC, PD-, and POAG patients, within each retinal cell layer. Results: In total 100 HC, 121 PD, and 78 POAG patients were included. We showed significant reduced thickness of the inner plexiform layer and retinal pigment epithelium in PD compared to HC. POAG patients presented with a significantly thinner retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, outer plexiform layer, and outer photoreceptor and subretinal virtual space compared to PD. Only the outer segment layer and retinal pigment epithelium were significantly thinner in PD compared to POAG. Conclusions: De novo PD patients show reduced thickness of the retina compared to HC, especially of the inner plexiform layer, which differs significantly from POAG, showing a more extensive and widespread pattern of reduced thickness across layers. OCT is a useful tool to detect retinal changes in de novo PD, but its specificity versus other neurodegenerative disorders has to be established.

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Retinal thickness and microvascular pathway in Idiopathic Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson's disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

The Role of Alpha-Synuclein Deposits in Parkinson’s Disease: A Focus on the Human Retina

The Role of Alpha-Synuclein Deposits in Parkinson’s Disease: A Focus on the Human Retina

Vision loss due to atypical bilateral edema of the optic nerve in a patient with hereditary angioedema: A case report

Reduced Thickness of the Retina in de novo Parkinson’s Disease Shows A Distinct Pattern, Different from Glaucoma

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