Retinal protein kinase C

Wood, J. K.; McCord, R.; Osborne, Neville N.

doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00049-6

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…This pattern has been well described previously, and is associated with enzyme activation, i.e. a change of conformation in order to phosphorylate target proteins [23]. One possible mechanism behind the phenomenon is laser-induced glutamate excitotoxicity [14], causing an increase of intracellular calcium, a well known prerequisite for PKC activation.…”

Section: Pkc Expression In Laser Treated Eyesmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The protein kinase C (PKC) family consists of at least 12 different isoforms, many of which are present in the mammalian retina, in various neuronal cell types [7,9,23]. Among the different isoforms, PKC alpha is the most abundant [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the different isoforms, PKC alpha is the most abundant [23]. PKC enzymes act by transferring a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to other molecules such as hormones, other enzymes or membrane receptors, thereby activating them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PKC enzymes act by transferring a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to other molecules such as hormones, other enzymes or membrane receptors, thereby activating them. PKC has been linked to various normal retinal functions such as regulation of phototransduction, transmitters, and cytoskeletal interactions, as well as to important roles in pathological conditions [23]. The family of PKC enzymes has been the subject of extensive interest in clinically related research recently since the advent of its role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy [1,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein kinase C expression in the rabbit retina after laser photocoagulation

Ghosh

Gjorloff

2005

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Section: Pkc Expression In Laser Treated Eyesmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Protein kinase C expression in the rabbit retina after laser photocoagulation

Ghosh

Gjorloff

2005

Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…PKC-␦ is expressed by Muller cells (Osborne et al, 1994(Osborne et al, , 1995. A variety of responses have been ascribed to PKC, including modulation of GABA receptor sensitivity (Wood et al, 1997). Two of the subunits of the GABA A receptor, ␤ and ␥ 2 , also contain putative PKC phosphorylation sites (Krishek et al, 1994).…”

Section: Molecular Interactions Of Acbpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity-Dependent Expression of Acyl-Coenzyme A-Binding Protein in Retinal Muller Glial Cells Evoked by Optokinetic Stimulation

Barmack¹,

Bilderback²,

Liu³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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Long-term horizontal optokinetic stimulation (HOKS) decreases the gain of the horizontal optokinetic reflex and evokes the second phase of optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN-II). We investigated the possible molecular constituents of this adaptation. We used a differential display reverse transcriptase-PCR screen for mRNAs isolated from retinas of rabbits that received HOKS. In each rabbit, we compared mRNAs from the retina stimulated in the posterior3anterior (preferred) direction with mRNAs from the retina stimulated in the anterior3posterior (null) direction. Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) mRNA was one of four mRNAs selected by this screen, the proteins of which interact with GABA receptors. HOKS in the preferred direction increased ACBP mRNA transcription and ACBP protein expression. ACBP was localized to Muller glial cells by hybridization histochemistry and by immunohistochemistry. ACBP interacts with the ␣ 1 -subunit of the GABA A receptor, as determined by a yeast two-hybrid technique. This interaction was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation of ACBP and the ␣ 1 -subunit of the GABA A receptor using an antibody to GABA A ␣ 1 . The interaction was also confirmed by a "pull-down" assay in which histidine-tagged ACBP was used to pull down the GABA A ␣ 1 . ACBP does not cross the blood-brain barrier. However, smaller truncated proteolytic fragments of ACBP do, increasing the excitability of central cortical neurons.Muller cells may secrete ACBP in the inner plexiform layer, thereby decreasing the sensitivity of GABA A receptors expressed on the surface of ganglion cell dendrites. Because retinal directional sensitivity is linked to GABAergic transmission, HOKS-induced expression of ACBP could provide a molecular basis for adaptation to HOKS and for the genesis of OKAN-II.

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Taurine might be acting as a trophic factor in the retina by modulating phosphorylation of cellular proteins

Lima

Cubillos

1998

J. Neurosci. Res.

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Protein phosphorylation is involved in the regeneration of the nervous system. Taurine modulates the phosphorylation of specific proteins in the retina, and also increases outgrowth from ganglion cells. In order to test the possible role of protein phosphorylation on the outgrowth from the retina and on the trophic effect of taurine, in vitro studies were performed in the presence of phorbol and nonphorbol protein kinase C activators, the protein kinase C inhibitor tamoxifen, and phosphatase inhibitors. After crush of the optic nerve, explants of the goldfish retina were cultured and the outgrowth was evaluated by measuring the length and the density of neurites. The activation of protein kinase C decreased the outgrowth from the explants and impaired the stimulatory effect of taurine. Phosphatase inhibitors produced a similar effect on basal and taurine-modulated outgrowth. In certain concentrations, some of these drugs did not affect the emission of neurites in the absence of taurine, but decreased the effect of the amino acid. Tamoxifen also reduced the outgrowth, probably acting at other cellular levels or indicating that the regulation of outgrowth by phosphorylation is a complex and dual process. The response to the drugs, evaluated by length or density of fibers, was not the same, since rate of outgrowth was more affected than density, which suggests that both parameters are modulated at differential stages or sensitivities to the tested agents.

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Retinal protein kinase C

Cited by 60 publications

References 138 publications

Protein kinase C expression in the rabbit retina after laser photocoagulation

Protein kinase C expression in the rabbit retina after laser photocoagulation

Activity-Dependent Expression of Acyl-Coenzyme A-Binding Protein in Retinal Muller Glial Cells Evoked by Optokinetic Stimulation

Taurine might be acting as a trophic factor in the retina by modulating phosphorylation of cellular proteins

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