Retinal Neurodegeneration in db/db Mice at the Early Period of Diabetes

Yang, Qin; Xu, Yidan; Xie, Ping; Cheng, Haixia; Song, Qinglu; Tu, Su; Yuan, Songtao

doi:10.1155/2015/757412

Cited by 50 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Over 6 weeks, db mice fed the high protein diet showed a tendency of decreased BW; therefore, we chose the experimental period to be 6 weeks. At that moment, optical coherence tomography examination did not show thinning of retinal layers in db mice, which has been reported in diabetic retinopathy (24). This means that db mice in the experimental period show the initial phase of retinal manifestations before the onset of morphological abnormality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Of them, db mice are deficient in the leptin receptor and show retinopathy and nephropathy caused by type 2 diabetes (24)(25)(26). The diabetic nephropathy and glucose metabolism abnormality in db mice are aggravated by a high protein content diet (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lepr db /J; db, diabetic], having a homozygous mutation of the leptin receptor, and control mice (BKS.Cg-Dock7 m +/ Dock7 m +/J; CT, control) at 4 weeks of age were obtained from Charles River Japan (Kanagawa, Japan) (24)(25)(26). The mice were housed individually in a humidity and temperature-controlled facility (50±20%, 22±3˚C) under a 12 h light/dark cycle (light from 0700-1900) in the animal facility of Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd. All mice had ad libitum access to water, and CT mice had ad libitum access to food.…”

Section: Animals Male Diabetic Mice [C57blks(bks) Cg-+ Lepr Db /+mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We investigated retinal thickness by taking tomographic images of the ocular fundi. Total retinal thickness was measured in an area of 1.0 mm in diameter centered on the optic nerve head of mice at 11 weeks of age (24).…”

Section: Animals Male Diabetic Mice [C57blks(bks) Cg-+ Lepr Db /+mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, we evaluated the impacts of dietary protein content on retinal manifestations in db mice, an animal model representing retinal neurodegenerative changes in the early period of diabetes (24). We examined morphological changes using optical coherence tomography, and alteration of expression of neuronal and glial marker genes and of genes involved in the RA system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Diets with Different Proportions of Protein/ Carbohydrate on Retinal Manifestations in db Mice

Emi

Okatani

Araki

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Background Diabetic retinopathy is one of the three major complications of diabetes, and it is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among adults (1). A recent epidemiological study found diabetic retinopathy prevalence to be 34.6% for individuals with diabetes (2). In the Wisconsin Epidemiological Study of Diabetic Retinopathy, microalbuminuria, representing nephropathy, was associated with the presence of retinopathy in individuals with diabetes (3). The recent rise in the numbers of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy cases worldwide is likely to be related to lifestyle/life environment rather than genetic factors, as a global genetic diversity has not changed appreciably over this short period of time (4-7). Lifestyle factors, including nutrition, have been altered markedly in recent decades (8, 9). Diabetic nephropathy is aggravated by higher intake of total protein (10, 11). However, the impact of altered nutrition, especially protein content, on the development of diabetic retinopathy is not fully understood (10,11,12).Glycemic control and blood pressure control reduce the progression of diabetic retinopathy, and ophthalmological treatment including laser applications plays a prominent role in the control of diabetic retinopathy. However, currently there are no drugs that inhibit the onset or progression of diabetic retinopathy, except for inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin (RA) system (13-17). Regarding nutritional intervention, patients with diabetic retinopathy have been managed by a low-energy diet of suppressed carbohydrate intake and relatively highprotein intake, but the influence of diet on the pathophysiology of retinopathy is not fully understood. A rodent study of diabetic nephropathy reported an additive effect of RA system inhibitors and a low-protein diet on kidney manifestations (18). A low-protein diet may have additional beneficial effects through suppressed expression of genes involved in the kidney RA system. The effect of dietary protein content diets (12-24% energy), which is the range in regular human diets (4, 8), on glucose levels and renal manifestations in db mice (19,20), an animal model for diabetes with leptin-receptor deficiency. In the experiments using db mice, a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet increased blood glucose levels and exacerbated renal manifestations, compared with a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet (21,22). The dietary protein content should be examined for its 265

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals Male Diabetic Mice [C57blks(bks) Cg-+ Lepr Db /+mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals Male Diabetic Mice [C57blks(bks) Cg-+ Lepr Db /+mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Diets with Different Proportions of Protein/ Carbohydrate on Retinal Manifestations in db Mice

Emi

Okatani

Araki

et al. 2018

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Retinal Neurodegeneration in Diabetes: an Emerging Concept in Diabetic Retinopathy

Sachdeva

2021

Curr Diab Rep

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Purpose of Review Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness in working-aged adults, remains clinically defined and staged by its vascular manifestations. However, early retinal neurodegeneration may precede vascular pathology, suggesting that this neuronal damage may contribute to disease pathogenesis and represent an independent target for intervention. This review will discuss the evidence and implications for diabetic retinal neurodegeneration. Recent Findings A growing body of literature has identified progressive retinal thinning and visual dysfunction in patients with diabetes even prior to the onset of DR, though advances in retinal vascular imaging suggest that vascular remodeling and choroidal changes occur during these early stages as well. Animal models of diabetes and in vitro studies have also suggested that diabetes may directly affect the retinal neural and glial tissue, providing support to the concept that diabetic retinal neurodegeneration occurs early in the disease and suggesting potentially relevant molecular pathways. Summary Diabetic retinal neurodegeneration may represent a “preclinical” manifestation of diabetic retinal disease and remains an active area of investigation. As the natural history and molecular mechanisms become increasingly understood, it may lead to upcoming developments in not only the treatment options but also the clinical definition of DR.

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Role of sorbitol-mediated cellular stress response in obesity-associated retinal degeneration

Godisela¹,

Reddy²,

Reddy³

et al. 2020

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

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Retinal Neurodegeneration in db/db Mice at the Early Period of Diabetes

Cited by 50 publications

References 46 publications

Effects of Diets with Different Proportions of Protein/ Carbohydrate on Retinal Manifestations in db Mice

Effects of Diets with Different Proportions of Protein/ Carbohydrate on Retinal Manifestations in db Mice

Retinal Neurodegeneration in Diabetes: an Emerging Concept in Diabetic Retinopathy

Role of sorbitol-mediated cellular stress response in obesity-associated retinal degeneration

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