Retinal Leukocyte Behavior in Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis of Rats

Hamada, Muneo; Ogura, Yuichiro; Miyamoto, Kazuaki; Nishiwaki, Hirokazu; Hiroshiba, Naoko; Honda, Yoshio

doi:10.1006/exer.1997.0361

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…8 + 4 . 5 mm for veins) (Hamada et al, 1997). The variations may be due to the difference in species, measurement sites, or the different measurement methodology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Leukocyte Tracking in Mouse Retinal and Choroidal Circulation

Manivannan

Goatman

et al. 2002

Experimental Eye Research

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“…8 + 4 . 5 mm for veins) (Hamada et al, 1997). The variations may be due to the difference in species, measurement sites, or the different measurement methodology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Leukocyte Tracking in Mouse Retinal and Choroidal Circulation

Manivannan

Goatman

et al. 2002

Experimental Eye Research

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“…AOLF used in this study was a simple, newly-established technique that is useful for the study of microcirculation in the retina [3,7,10,19,20,23,24,25,26,27,28]. Under the SLO, we observed directly the behaviour of circulating leukocytes in the retina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective and selective prevention of retinal leukostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using gliclazide

Kinoshita¹,

Kakehashi²,

Inoda

et al. 2002

Diabetologia

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Aims/hypothesis. Early stage leukocyte entrapment in the retinal microcirculation (retinal leukostasis) is considered to be one of the important pathogenetic events in diabetic retinopathy. Gliclazide, a sulphonylurea, was reported to reduce leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in hyperglycaemia in vitro, thus suggesting possible selective efficacy of this sulphonylurea in preventing leukostasis in diabetic patients. This study evaluated the effectiveness and selectivity of gliclazide treatment on retinal leukostasis of diabetic rats in vivo. Methods. Streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg)-induced diabetic rats were divided into three groups (n = 8 each): an untreated diabetic group, a gliclazide-treated diabetic group, and a glibenclamide-treated diabetic group. Gliclazide or glibenclamide was administered orally during a 3-week period. Non-diabetic rats were used as a control (n = 8). Retinal leukostasis was quantitatively evaluated in vivo by acridine orange leukocyte fluorography using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope.Results. The number of leukocytes trapped in the area around the optic disc in the untreated diabetic group (36.9 ± 5.1 cells) increased significantly compared with the non-diabetic control group (21.9 ± 2.9 cells; p = 0.0007). The number of leukocytes trapped in the gliclazide-treated diabetic group (23.5 ± 4.0 cells) decreased significantly compared with untreated diabetic group (p = 0.0008). In contrast, no reduction of retinal leukostasis was found in the glibenclamide-treated diabetic group (37.8 ± 5.8 cells; p = 0.7923). Conclusion/interpretation. This suggests that gliclazide could directly improve abnormalities in the retinal microcirculation independent of blood glucose control and possibly have selective therapeutic benefits in preventing early, critical events in diabetic retinopathy compared with other sulphonylurea drugs. [Diabetologia (2002) 45:735-739] Keywords Gliclazide, sulphonylurea, diabetic retinopathy, retinal leukostasis, acridine orange leukocyte fluorography, scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of adult vision loss and blindness and early-stage, preventive strategies are important research areas. Leukocyte adhesion to the diabetic retinal vasculature is presumed to be the critical early event in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy [1,2,3], resulting in a breakdown in the blood-retinal barrier and in capillary nonperfusion [1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. In a rat model of diabetic retinopathy, investigators demonstrated retinal capillary occlusion by neutrophils and monocytes in histologic sections and found that areas of endothelial cell damage, capillary loss, and leukocyte extravasation existed adjacent to the static leukocytes [1]. In another post mortem study of human subjects, increased numbers of neutrophils were observed in the choroid and retina of patients with diabetes [2].

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“…Selectin inhibitor [109], TNF-α inhibitor [110], diphenhydramine (histamine H1 receptor) [111], and antithrombin III [112] were found to reduce leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the retinal veins in EIU rats. Hamada et al [113] reported leukocyte behavior in the retina in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) [114]. Various uveitis models have been used to obtain increasing information on the molecular regulation of leukocyte recruitment [115].…”

Section: Leukocyte-endothelial Interactions In Pathological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Leukocyte-Endothelial Interactions in Retinal Diseases

Tsujikawa

Ogura

2011

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: We reviewed various methodologies for studying leukocyte-retinal endothelial interactions in vivo, and summarized the information obtained from studies employing these methods. Procedures: Fluorescence dye-enhanced scanning laser ophthalmoscopy facilitates study of leukocyte-cell interactions in the retinal microcirculation. Results: Various methods such as adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO), acridine orange digital angiography, and intravital microscopy provided evidence of the mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment in the retina and of their importance in the pathogenesis of various retinal diseases. Conclusions: Leukocyte behavior can be easily examined in the retina in vivo because the optical media is transparent. SLO substantially contributes to visualizing leukocyte-endothelial interactions in retinal vessels, although most of the methods employing SLO could only be used for animal studies. AO-SLO noninvasively demonstrates the movement of each leukocyte in the parafoveal capillaries in humans. Message: AO-SLO could be useful in investigating the leukocyte-retinal endothelial interactions in various diseases in humans.

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Retinal Leukocyte Behavior in Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis of Rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Improved Leukocyte Tracking in Mouse Retinal and Choroidal Circulation

Improved Leukocyte Tracking in Mouse Retinal and Choroidal Circulation

Effective and selective prevention of retinal leukostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using gliclazide

Evaluation of Leukocyte-Endothelial Interactions in Retinal Diseases

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