Retinal Capillary Network and Foveal Avascular Zone in Eyes with Vein Occlusion and Fellow Eyes Analyzed With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Adhi, Mehreen; Filho, Marco A. Bonini; Louzada, Ricardo Noguera; Kuehlewein, Laura; Carlo, Talisa E de; Baumal, Caroline R.; Witkin, André J.; Sadda, Srinivas R; Sarraf, David; Reichel, Elias; Duker, Jay S.; Waheed, Nadia K.

doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18907

Cited by 154 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

118

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This study also suggested that the findings in the DRL were more profound than those in the SRL in RVO subjects. Several other studies have also confirmed those findings (Rispoli, Savastano et al 2015, Adhi, Filho et al 2016) and are reviewed below. Interestingly, Kashani et al also demonstrated that some regions of intraretinal fluid could be visualized on OCTA in analogy to what Matsunaga et al showed for intraretinal fluid in DR (Kashani, Lee et al 2015).…”

Section: Review Of Clinical Studies Utilizing Octasupporting

confidence: 59%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Optical coherence tomography angiography: A comprehensive review of current methods and clinical applications

Kashani

Chen

Gahm

et al. 2017

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

741

561

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OCT has revolutionized the practice of ophthalmology over the past 10 to 20 years. Advances in OCT technology have allowed for the creation of novel OCT-based methods. OCT-Angiography (OCTA) is one such method that has rapidly gained clinical acceptance since it was approved by the FDA in late 2016. OCTA images are based on the variable backscattering of light from the vascular and neurosensory tissue in the retina. Since the intensity and phase of backscattered light from retinal tissue varies based on the intrinsic movement of the tissue (e.g. red blood cells are moving, but neurosensory tissue is static), OCTA images are essentially motion-contrast images. This motion-contrast imaging provides reliable, high resolution, and non-invasive images of the retinal vasculature in an efficient manner. In many cases, these images are approaching histology level resolution. This unprecedented resolution coupled with the simple, fast and non-invasive imaging platform have allowed a host of basic and clinical research applications. OCTA has been shown to demonstrate many important clinical findings including areas of macular telangiectasia, impaired perfusion, microaneurysms, capillary remodeling, some types of intraretinal fluid, and neovascularization among many others. More importantly, OCTA provides depth-resolved information that has never before been available. Correspondingly, OCTA has been used to evaluate a spectrum of retinal vascular diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal venous occlusion (RVO), uveitis, retinal arterial occlusion, and age-related macular degeneration among others. In this review, we will discuss the methods used to create OCTA images, the practical applications of OCTA in light of invasive dye-imaging studies (e.g. fluorescein angiography) and review clinical studies demonstrating the utility of OCTA for research and clinical practice.

show abstract

Section: Review Of Clinical Studies Utilizing Octasupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Vascular tortuosity and collaterals were also subjectively noted in RVO subject eyes. The results of this paper seem to generalize to both 3×3 and 6×6-mm 2 fields, but a specific comparison of the two field sizes is lacking in the paper (Adhi, Filho et al 2016). …”

Section: Review Of Clinical Studies Utilizing Octamentioning

confidence: 79%

Optical coherence tomography angiography: A comprehensive review of current methods and clinical applications

Kashani

Chen

Gahm

et al. 2017

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

741

561

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite being highly variable even in healthy subjects, 24 several conditions (e.g., DR, 25 retinal vein occlusion, 26 and sickle cell disease) 27 may affect the FAZ size due to the occlusion of capillaries surrounding the FAZ. As a result, the FAZ area in these patients is enlarged and more irregular and, thus, its manual quantification may not be straightforward, especially at the deep plexus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular Perfusion Parameters in Different Angiocube Sizes: Does The Size Matter in Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography?

Rabiolo

Gelormini

Marchese

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE. To investigate the macular quantitative parameters interchangeability of three different optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) angiocubes (i.e., 3 3 3, 6 3 6, and 12 3 12 mm) on healthy subjects and patients affected by diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to assess the interrater reliability of such indices across the different scan protocols. METHODS.Retrospective study involving 20 eyes of healthy subjects and 20 eyes with DR. All eyes underwent swept-source OCT-A with 3 3 3-, 6 3 6-, and 12 3 12-mm angiocubes centered on the fovea. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and vessel density on 3 3 3-, 6 3 6-, and 12 3 12-mm macular scans were calculated by three independent operators at all retina, superficial, deep, and choriocapillary vascular layers. Interchangeability and interrater reliabilities were estimated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).RESULTS. Interscan reproducibility of FAZ area was very strong (ICC > 0.85) at every plexus. On the contrary, vessel density values significantly varied across different scan sizes (ICC < 0.51). Intrascan interrater reliability was high for all retina and superficial FAZ areas, while it was satisfactory at deep capillary plexus only for 3 3 3-mm scan.CONCLUSIONS. FAZ area at all plexuses is a robust parameter even if calculated on angiocubes with different size. However, interrater reliability is higher when measured in smaller scans. Conversely, vessel density results depend on the size of angiocube, although their interrater reliability is extremely high. Studies involving OCT-A should take into consideration that scan size may influence macular perfusion parameters and interrater reliability.

show abstract

“…[22][23][24][25] In addition, the OCTA has the potential to quantitatively analyze the retinal vessel density (VD) and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area. 26,27 Thus, OCTA has provided a better understanding of the relationship between the layerspecific retinal microvascular changes and the visual outcomes in patients with RVO. To date, several studies have reported the macular VD and FAZ before and after anti-VEGF therapy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Retinal Microvasculature and Visual Acuity After Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Retinal Vein Occlusion

Winegarner

Wakabayashi

Fukushima

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE. To investigate the changes in the retinal microvasculature during the course of anti-VEGF therapy in eyes with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and their association with visual outcomes.METHODS. The vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were quantitatively measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in 48 consecutive eyes with RVO before and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after anti-VEGF therapy. Anti-VEGF therapy was performed either with ranibizumab or aflibercept following a pro re nata (PRN) regimen. The correlation between post-treatment best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and changes in the retinal microvasculature evaluated by OCTA were assessed.RESULTS. The BCVA improved significantly at 12 months (P < 0.001). Better BCVA at 12 months was significantly associated with a better VD in the SCP and DCP both at baseline (R 2 ¼ 0.524, P < 0.001 and R 2 ¼ 0.457, P < 0.001, respectively) and at 12 months (R 2 ¼ 0.521, P < 0.001 and R 2 ¼ 0.662, P < 0.001, respectively). Overall, both VD and FAZ did not change significantly during the 12 months. However, the progression of nonperfusion was observed in the SCP in 6 (13%) eyes and in the DCP in 10 (21%) eyes. The number of macular edema recurrence was significantly associated with a decrease in the VD (P ¼ 0.006 [SCP] and P < 0.001 [DCP]) and less visual gain (P ¼ 0.02) after treatment.CONCLUSIONS. Anti-VEGF therapy maintains retinal perfusion in most patients with RVO. Preserving retinal perfusion is crucial for better visual outcomes.

show abstract

Retinal Capillary Network and Foveal Avascular Zone in Eyes with Vein Occlusion and Fellow Eyes Analyzed With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Abstract: Spectral-domain OCTA reveals abnormalities at different levels of perifoveolar retinal capillary network and is able to quantify the FAZ in RVO. Longitudinal studies may be considered to evaluate the clinical utility of OCTA in RVO and other retinal vascular diseases.

Cited by 154 publications

References 28 publications

Optical coherence tomography angiography: A comprehensive review of current methods and clinical applications

Optical coherence tomography angiography: A comprehensive review of current methods and clinical applications

Macular Perfusion Parameters in Different Angiocube Sizes: Does The Size Matter in Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography?

Changes in Retinal Microvasculature and Visual Acuity After Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Retinal Vein Occlusion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About