Retina‐Inspired Structurally Tunable Synaptic Perovskite Nanocones

Abstract

Artificial photonic synapses with morphologically controlled photoreception, allowing for area-dependent tunable light reception as well as information storage and learning, have potential for application in emerging photointeractive neuro-computing technologies. Herein, an artificially intelligent (AI) photonic synapse with area-density-tunable perovskite nano-cone arrays templated in a self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) is presented, which is based on a field effect transistor with a floating gate of photoreceptive perovskite crystal arrays preferentially synthesized in a micro-phase-segregated BCP film. These arrays are capable of electric charge (de)trapping and photoexcited charge generation, and they exhibit versatile synaptic functions of the nervous system, including paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation, with excellent reliability. The area-density variable perovskite floating gate developed by off-centered spin coating process allows for emulating the human retina with a position-dependent spatial distribution of cones. 60 × 12 arrays of the developed synapse devices exhibit position-dependent dual functions of receptor and synapse. They are AI and exhibit a pattern recognition accuracy up to ≈90% when examined using the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology handwritten digit pattern recognition test.

Emerging New‐Generation Detecting and Sensing of Metal Halide Perovskites

“…MHPs are attractive materials in the prominent photodetector component of artificial retina and bionic eyes. [135][136][137][138] In an artificial human visual system, the excellent photoelectric properties enable MHPs to be an ideal light-absorbing material for photoelectric devices, [139][140][141][142] compared to other semiconductor materials. As shown in Figure 7a,b, in integrated image arrays based on CsPbX 3 (X = Cl, Br, or I) detectors, the detectors act as cones in MHP-based artificial retina, enabling selective photon detection, and clear color and shape resolutions for imaging.…”

Intelligent metaphotonics empowered by machine learning

“…In particular, this algorithm predicts the direction of arrival and the polarization state, simulating a work of a spider's neural system. Similar ideas were implemented for development of AI photonic synapse [203]. The structure is based on a filed-effect transistor with a floating gate of self-assembled perovskite nanocones embedded into a self-assembled block co-polymer.…”

Intrinsically stretchable photonic synaptic transistors for retina-like visual image systems

“…The eyes are arguably the most important sensory organ in human beings because they undertake the majority of information assimilation for learning and memory. [1][2][3] As a key tissue in the eyes, the retina has unique structural and functional features. In the aspect of structure, the retina is a soft and elastic film with a concave hemispherical shape, which is tightly attached to the inner surface of the choroid in the eyes.…”