Reticulolysis and Fatty Liver Syndrome in Commercial Laying Fowls

Neill, A. R.; McKenzie, R. A.; Schultz, Kathleen; Connor, J. K.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1975.tb09423.x

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…feeding rapeseed). Nevertheless, in their study, Neill et al (1975) confirmed that the reticulosis was a definitive lesion of FLHS in Queensland, where the outbreaks were considered not to be associated with any known toxic principle. It is known that reticulosis produces a structural weakness of the liver which will rupture when under stress (nutritional/toxic, infectious, or environmental) (Neill et al, 1977).…”

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…There had been prior reports of the occurrence of FLHS in commercial laying flocks in Queensland (Neill et al, 1975) suggesting that Queensland probably presents -ideal‖ climatic conditions that favour the outbreak of this metabolic disorder in egg producing flocks. Neill et al (1975) showed that for several years (1970 to 1975) there were a number of outbreaks of FLHS in laying hens in South Eastern Queensland.…”

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neill et al (1975) showed that for several years (1970 to 1975) there were a number of outbreaks of FLHS in laying hens in South Eastern Queensland. They pointed out that the sporadic nature of this disease, and the lack of established diagnostic tests contributed to the lack of systematic studies on FLHS.…”

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They pointed out that the sporadic nature of this disease, and the lack of established diagnostic tests contributed to the lack of systematic studies on FLHS. In an attempt to explain the pathological alterations of the liver during FLHS, Neill et al (1975) used histopathology to determine if liver reticulolysis was specific for FLHS. This was of some significance because previous investigators (Butler, 1975;Hall, 1974) had shown that lysed reticulin was unique among fatty liver syndrome in birds, but in some cases this was associated with a toxicosis (e.g.…”

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that reticulosis produces a structural weakness of the liver which will rupture when under stress (nutritional/toxic, infectious, or environmental) (Neill et al, 1977). However, any correlation between liver fat content and degree of lysis of the reticulin was not found, although the presence of heavy fat infiltration in a structurally weakened liver was thought to have been the reason for massive haemorrhage and death of hens (Neill et al, 1975). …”

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations

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Field and experimental investigations were conducted to study the fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in caged laying hens. The main goal of the research was to gain a greater understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of this non-infectious disease. The disease is characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver and abdominal cavity, subsequent liver rupture, haemorrhage and sudden death of hens. It has been shown that the balance between hepatic synthesis and secretion of lipids is the key point that regulates hepatic and extrahepatic fat deposition in hens. Liver fat accumulation can be increased by many factors, especially nutrition, housing conditions, and inflammatory challenges. A description of normal and abnormal lipid metabolism in the hen, and consequences for hen health and disease (including FLHS) is given in the literature review (Chapter 2).The initial study examined mortality of layer flocks kept in three different housing systems (cage, barn and free range) on the Gatton Campus, University of Queensland (Chapter 4). It was shown that there were no significant differences in mortality rates of hens (6.1%, 6.4% and 5.8%, for cages, barns and free range, respectively) between the housing systems but the causes of death were different. The most common cause of death in hens kept in cages was FLHS with 74% of dead hens dying from the condition. In contrast, FLHS only accounted for 0 to 5% of hen mortality in the other systems. Post-mortem of dead hens and body weight monitoring of flocks throughout the laying cycle were recommended as tools to predict FLHS.An epidemiological survey (Chapter 5) of caged flocks in South-Eastern Queensland was undertaken to explore the prevalence of FLHS in commercial layer flocks. From necropsies of dead birds from 7 flocks of different ages, it was found that approximately 40% of hens died due to FLHS. This result indicated that FLHS continues to be the major cause of mortality in commercial caged laying hens kept in either controlled environment sheds or naturally ventilated sheds. As part of the epidemiological study, a questionnaire was circulated among farms and the responses revealed that there is a general lack of knowledge of FLHS in the industry.The study of the pathogenesis of FLHS is very difficult as it occurs sporadically and over an extended period of time in the field. In the studies in Chapter 6, an oestradiol (E 2 ) hen model was used to study the condition. The administration of exogenous E 2 reproduced the disease in 30 wk old laying hens, and was associated with significant changes in E 2 plasma levels and metabolic iv profiles, increased liver weights, and macroscopic (fat depositions, haemorrhages and haematomas) and microscopic alterations. Hens exposed to E 2 and fed ad libitum diet experienced severe FLHS and had a higher incidence of FLHS than hens that had their feed intake restricted by 10%. One interesting observation from this study (not reported from other investigators) was the alteration of total leukocyte n...

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Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An "Old" Disease In Queensland Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations

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Rapeseed meal‐glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects Part 4. Goitrogenicity and internal organs abnormalities in animals

Mawson

Heaney

Zduńczyk

et al. 1994

Nahrung

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This paper surveys the literature concerning biological properties of rapeseed glucosinolates, chiefly the goitrogenic activity of these compounds and their influence on the morphological and histological abnormalities of internal organs in animals. An attempt has been made to establish threshold glucosinolate levels in diet which trigger the onset or increase of internal organs impairment in animals depending on their species and breeding.

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Rapeseed induced liver haemorrhage, reticulolysis and biochemical changes in laying hens: the effects of feeding high and low glucosinolate meals

Martland

Butler

Fenwick

1984

Research in Veterinary Science

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Reticulolysis and Fatty Liver Syndrome in Commercial Laying Fowls

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations

Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations

Rapeseed meal‐glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects Part 4. Goitrogenicity and internal organs abnormalities in animals

Rapeseed induced liver haemorrhage, reticulolysis and biochemical changes in laying hens: the effects of feeding high and low glucosinolate meals

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