Reticular hyperpigmentation on the trunk and flexures of the extremities in a 16‐year‐old boy

Abstract

A 16-year-old boy was referred to our outpatient department with a six-month history of hyperpigmentation with ill-defi ned borders on his abdomen and extremities ( Figure 1a). The skin lesions initially appeared on his abdomen and subsequently extended to the cubital and popliteal skin folds. Apart from mild pruritus, the skin lesions were asymptomatic. Soap and water did not remove the brownish discoloration.The patient was in good general heath. Long-term medication included bisoprolol und dexamphetamine, prescribed for pre-existing reentrant tachycardia and attention-defi cit/ hyperactivity syndrome.

Terra firma‐forme dermatosis: a systematic review

“…The title and abstract of the 102 items were screened, and 69 were considered eligible for full‐text assessment. Of the 69 studies, 64 were included in the systematic review 1–63 . The studies were published between 1987 and 2020.…”

“…One is the case of a 30‐year‐old woman who reported intense itching; because she suffered from intense skin xerosis, she was advised not to use aggressive cleaners or scrubs but to moisturize with 10% urea emollients, which eventually worsened her condition 18 . The remaining three patients reported mild or occasional symptoms 6,19,20 . Of these, one reported a burning sensation in the lips, one of the affected sites 6 …”

“…The dermoscopic clues, described in 18 patients, are large polygonal brown clods, interrupted in the furrows and arranged linearly, to evoke a mosaic pattern. In this regard, 77.8% of the articles described “brownish scales” 4,5,13,20,25,26 as opposed to “brownish pigmentation” or “brown clods” used by the remaining 22.2% of papers 27–30 …”

Hyperchromic and reticulated plaques in the trunk and neck of a young woman

“…In the early stages, the differential diagnosis includes urticaria, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, linear IgA dermatitis, acute lupus erythematosus and eczema [8]. In the late phase, the differential diagnosis includes macular amyloidosis, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, terra firma-forme dermatosis and mainly confluent and reticulated papillomatosis [2,11]. However, patients with confluent and reticulated papillomatosis rarely experience pruritus and the histology displays typical features, such as compact hyperkeratosis and papillomatosis without inflammation [2,12].…”

Hyperchrome und retikuläre Plaques am Rumpf und Hals einer jungen Frau

“…In den Anfangsstadien umfasst die Differenzialdiagnose Urtikaria, leukozytoklastische Vaskulitis, Dermatitis herpetiformis Duhring, lineare IgA-Dermatitis, akuter Lupus erythematodes und Ekzem [8]. Im Spätstadium zählt zur Differenzialdiagnose die makuläre Amyloidose, postinflammatorische Hyperpigmentierung, Terra-firma-artige Dermatose und eine vorwiegend konfluierende und retikuläre Papillomatose [2,11]. Bei Patienten mit konfluierender und retikulärer Papillomatose tritt jedoch selten Juckreiz auf, und die Histologie weist typische Merkmale auf, wie kompakte Hyperkeratose und Papillomatose ohne Entzündung [2, 12.…”