Rethinking Social Reactions to Crime: Personal and Altruistic Fear in Family Households

Warr, Mark; Ellison, Christopher G.

doi:10.1086/318964

Cited by 231 publications

(356 citation statements)

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“…Another direction for future research might examine not just ego's personal fear, but also ego's fear for other people and how this might change their responses to crime. Prior research has suggested this possibility when considering personal fear vs. altruistic fear for kin (Warr and Ellison 2000), and one possibility for future research would explore other relationships beyond kin, including social friendship ties and neighbors. The extent that ego changes their protective behavior may depend in part on the spatial proximity of these different alters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social fabric and fear of crime: Considering spatial location and time of day

et al. 2017

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Criminologists have long noted that social networks play a role in influencing residents' fear of crime, but findings vis a vis the exact nature of that role have been mixed. More social ties may be associated with less fear of crime through their role in collective action, trust, and emotional support, but also with more fear of crime because of their role in the diffusion of information on local crime patterns. In what follows, we suggest temporal and spatial distinctions in how social ties matter for fear of crime with respect to these different mechanisms. Analysis of data from a large scale egocentric network study in Southern California provides evidence for these claims.Keywords: neighborhoods, social networks, spatial effects, time of day, fear of crime John R. Hipp is a Professor in the departments of Criminology, Law and Society, and Sociology, at the University of California Irvine. His research interests focus on how neighborhoods change over time, how that change both affects and is affected by neighborhood crime, and the role networks and institutions play in that change. He approaches these questions using quantitative methods as well as social network analysis. He has published substantive work in such journals as American Sociological Review, Criminology, Social Forces, Social Problems, Mobilization, City & Community, Urban Studies Fear of crime is a long-standing policy issue of great importance in the U.S., and a large body of literature has emerged on the question of its determinants (Ferraro, 1995;Skogan and Maxfield, 1981;Warr, 1990). One recurrent theme in this literature is that social networks play an important role in influencing residents' fear of crime (e.g., see Bursik and Grasmick, 1993); however, there is considerable debate about the nature of that role. For instance, residents who have more local alters might have more information about criminal activities in the area and hence express more fear, but residents with more local alters might also perceive more potential for collective action in the neighborhood, and therefore express less fear (Bursik and Grasmick, 1993;Skogan and Maxfield, 1981).1 The importance of alter locations for the types of ties ego is likely to have to them, and the types of exchanges taking place through those ties, suggests that the spatial dimension of network structure (itself a topic of growing interest e.g., see Butts et al., 2012) may help disambiguate the relationship between personal networks and fear of crime. In particular, we posit that different mechanisms of social ties for fear of crime have distinct spatial implications. As most research in this area either ignores space or implicitly presumes that alters are only of interest when located in the area nearby ego, little consideration has been given to the effects of alters who are located farther away. In this paper, we examine alter distance on ego's fear of crime, explicitly testing for the effects of both proximate and distant alters.While the spatial distribution of alters ma...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social fabric and fear of crime: Considering spatial location and time of day

et al. 2017

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“…It would be interesting to see, for example, if people who feel most vulnerable tend to project more frequently concern about crime towards themselves or towards society, which would contribute very significantly to studies of locus of projection (Madriz, 1997;Snedker, 2006;Warr, 1992;Warr and Ellison, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A final group of authors have explored the fact that fear can be altruistic if people feel fear for others, usually those closest to them (Madriz, 1997;Warr, 1992;Warr and Ellison, 2000). Based on qualitative data, Snedker (2006) suggested that fear projected onto other people does not have to be always altruistic.…”

Section: The Concept Of Fear Of Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the concept of locus of projection emerging from the international literature is somewhat different from that of the barometers. Whereas in the former the external locus is the fear felt for people close to them (Madriz, 1997;Snedker, 2006;Warr, 1992;Warr and Ellison, 2000), in the latter, this notion is understood more broadly: concern that is felt for the country in general.…”

Section: Measuring Fear Of Crime By the Use Of The Cis Barometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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La medición del miedo al delito a través de los barómetros del CIS

Cabrera¹,

Ardoy²

2024

REIS

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ResumenEn este trabajo se explora si la preocupación por el delito que manifi esta la población española como problema del país y personal en los barómetros del CIS es una buena medida del concepto de miedo al delito. Primero, se muestran las dimensiones del miedo al delito y se presentan las bases conceptuales y empíricas de la preocupación que denominamos problematización del delito. Segundo, se evalúa la pertinencia teórica de adoptar dicho concepto como indicador de miedo al delito. Tercero, se presentan datos que demuestran su utilidad empírica. El análisis concluye que la problematización del delito, construida a partir de los barómetros del CIS, es una buena medida de miedo al delito que además incluye ventajas frente a las utilizadas por las encuestas de victimización. Key words AbstractThis paper explores whether the concern shown by the Spanish population about crime as being a problem for the country as a whole and a personal problem in the CIS barometers is a good measurement of the concept of fear of crime. Firstly, the dimensions of fear of crime are shown, and the conceptual and empirical basis for the concern that we have called the problematisation of crime is presented. Secondly, the theoretical relevance of adopting this concept as an indicator of fear of crime is evaluated. Thirdly, empirical data are provided to demonstrate its usefulness. The analysis concludes that the problematisation of crime, constructed on the basis of the barometers of the CIS, is a good measurement of fear of crime, in addition to having some advantages over those used by victimisation surveys. Cómo citarCaro Cabrera, Manuel y Navarro Ardoy, Luis (2017). «La medición del miedo al delito a través de los barómetros del CIS». Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas,. El concepto miedo al delito -y su homólogo inseguridad ciudadana-se ha estudiado en España utilizando dos fuentes de datos diferentes. Por un lado, las encuestas de victimización realizadas por el Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS) entre 1978 y 2007. Son estudios específi cos con poca periodicidad y comparabilidad (García España et al., 2010: 1) porque se realizaron con técnicas y medidas distintas y en ámbitos territoriales diferentes (Madrid, Cataluña, España…). El Observatorio de la Delincuencia de Andalucía (ODA) también ha realizado encuestas de este tipo en capitales andaluzas (García España et al., 2007) y en todo el territorio nacional (Díez Ripollés y García España, 2009). Por otro lado, están los barómetros del CIS 2 , que incluyen una pregunta de cuáles son los tres principales problemas del país y, desde octubre de 1997, también de los tres principales problemas personales. El análisis de las respuestas a estas preguntas ha permitido medir en España el nivel de preocupación que la ciudadanía tiene acerca del delito (Soto, 2005; Serrano y Vázquez, 2007). Frente a la primera, la principal ventaja de los barómetros es su regularidad y disponibilidad, algo que no es baladí considerando la escasez y opacidad de datos criminológi...

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“…It is suggested that the individual develops a fear of being a crime victim in the spaces which he has associated with a feeling of unsafety (Çardak, 2011;Snedker, 2011;Ferguson & Mindel, 2007;Apak et al, 2002 Preventing Network) in 2001, it is explained that the sense of fear of crime is higher in the cities than in rural areas due to a lack of social connection and solidarity (Çardak, 2011). Warr and Ellison (2000) defends that fear of crime is experienced more in the areas with higher population such as parks and industrial zones, whereas Sandstig (2010) claims that the minimal occupancy areas create more fear than do crowded places. Due to the physical condition of the structures intensified in the 1980s and ineffectiveness of works about fear, it is proved that individuals feel insecure and fear for being a crime victim in the neglected areas with inadequate lighting and graffiti (Tulloch, 2000;Keane, 1995;Smolej & Kivivuari, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Fear of Crime in City Centers through the Example of Be&scedil;ikta&scedil; Sinanpa&scedil;a Neighborhood

Köklü¹,

Yirmibeşoğlu²

2017

CUS

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Physical and social structures of urban spaces may cause them to turn into crime areas or areas that can create fear of crime. Fear of crime is an important urban problem which affects the quality of life in cities as much as the crime cases themselves. Personal safety and the need for protection from crime have a considerably critical place among the issues to take into account during urban design and planning. The aim of the present study is to explain fear of crime as a problem which affects the life quality negatively in the city centers that turn into crime areas with urbanization and to determine the factors causing this situation. With this aim in mind, a questionnaire study has been carried out in Beşiktaş Sinanpaşa Neighborhood to evaluate the safety perception of the users and to identify the factors creating the perception of unsafety. In addition, the relationship between fear and space structure has been examined by using the space syntax method. As a result of the study, it is determined that the relationship between fear of crime and environmental factors is relatively stronger than the relationship between fear and demographic factors. Accessibility of the environment, in addition to the factors such as overpopulation in urban space, desolateness, inadequate lighting, and graffiti-like elements in the area, has been found to contribute negatively to the increase of fear of crime.

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Rethinking Social Reactions to Crime: Personal and Altruistic Fear in Family Households

Cited by 231 publications

References 9 publications

Social fabric and fear of crime: Considering spatial location and time of day

Social fabric and fear of crime: Considering spatial location and time of day

La medición del miedo al delito a través de los barómetros del CIS

Investigation of Fear of Crime in City Centers through the Example of Be&scedil;ikta&scedil; Sinanpa&scedil;a Neighborhood

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Rethinking Social Reactions to Crime: Personal and Altruistic Fear in Family Households

Cited by 231 publications

References 9 publications

Social fabric and fear of crime: Considering spatial location and time of day

Social fabric and fear of crime: Considering spatial location and time of day

La medición del miedo al delito a través de los barómetros del CIS

Investigation of Fear of Crime in City Centers through the Example of Be&amp;scedil;ikta&amp;scedil; Sinanpa&amp;scedil;a Neighborhood

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Product

Resources

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Investigation of Fear of Crime in City Centers through the Example of Be&scedil;ikta&scedil; Sinanpa&scedil;a Neighborhood