Rethinking pulmonary toxicity in advanced non-small cell lung cancer in the era of combining anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy with thoracic radiotherapy

Abstract

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Relationship between pneumonitis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors and the underlying parenchymal status: a retrospective study

“…However, the first clinical data suggest that a safe and tolerable profile is maintained [2,6,23,26]. Nevertheless, it has been recently described that immunotherapy may cause an inflammatory reaction in previously irradiated area as a RP or even years after irradiation, owing to the known "recall effect" [5,[14][15][16][27][28][29]. These biological effects reinforce the interest of combined radiotherapy and immunotherapy, and could partly explain the predominant location of IP abnormalities within RT fields [2][3][4]19].…”

“…ICIs interfere with this process, and reactivate the priming and effector phases of the immune response against the neoplastic cells, which has been shown to result in a systemic, complete and durable cancer response in a subset of patients. Recently, a synergistic effect of immunotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) has been suggested in selected patients, with several studies demonstrating a significant prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival when immunotherapy is combined with previous or concomitant RT [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Differential Diagnosis and Clinical Management of a Case of COVID-19 in a Patient With Stage III Lung Cancer Treated With Radio-chemotherapy and Durvalumab

“…The incidence of pneumonitis in patients undergoing radical RT for NSCLC varies from 5% to 25%. [9][10][11] Chest CT is the elective technique both for diagnosis and follow-up. 10,11 Damage is usually limited to the irradiated volume and surrounding tissue.…”

“…3 and necessitate hospitalization. 9 Recover of pulmonary function requires several months, and a few patients develop irreversible and occasionally fatal respiratory failure. 11…”

LncRNA-RP11 Modulates TGF-β1-Activated Radiation-Induced Lung Injury Through Downregulating microRNA-29a

“…Radiotherapy plays an imperative role in treating thoracic tumors and radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common and serious complications during thoracic radiation. [1][2][3] It is characterized by the accumulation of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, inflammatory cells and extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, subsequently forming into scar tissue, which could eventually lead to fatal respiratory insufficiency. 1,4 In clinical, RILI remains one of the most important factors limiting the radiation dose that could be delivered to the tumors, which negatively affects the local control rates of various thoracic cancers and patients' long-term quality of life.…”