Rethinking “democratic backsliding” in Central and Eastern Europe – looking beyond Hungary and Poland

Cianetti, Licia; Dawson, James; Hanley, Seán

doi:10.1201/9780429264795-1

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…47 When interpreting the 43 See, e.g. 'illiberal turn' (Bánkuti et al 2012), 'constitutional crises' (Bogdandy and Sonnevend 2015), 'democratic backsliding' (Cianetti et al 2020), 'populist backsliding' (Sadurski 2019) and 'populist constitutionalism' (Halmai 2018). 44 Drinóczi, Bień-Kacała (2019, pp.…”

Section: Informal Constitutional Amendments In Hungary Between 1989 A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal Concentration of Powers in Illiberal Constitutionalism: The Case of Hungary

Pozsár-Szentmiklósy

2024

Hague J Rule Law

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Classic and new concepts of the separation of powers doctrine focus on the control of central political power. Institutional checks and balances are classic legal instruments of this control, especially the activity of independent state organs. In those countries where the political system is dominated by a populist government, the institutional checks and balances and independent institutions are under constant pressure. In a consolidated political system that has already departed from liberal constitutionalism and where constitutional institutions do function only in a formal sense (illiberal constitutionalism), institutional checks and balances lose their significance. However, in addition to the exercise of powers by independent branches of government, other legal institutions or actions can also have a significant impact on relations between branches of government, even informally. Therefore, the system of checks and balances can be described as a multi-layered structure with formal (classical) and informal elements. The article analyses in detail, how the use of informal constitutional amendments and national referendums—as additional institutions belonging to the complex system of separation of powers—instead of controlling the central political power, has contributed to the informal concentration of government power in Hungary in recent years.

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Section: Informal Constitutional Amendments In Hungary Between 1989 A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal Concentration of Powers in Illiberal Constitutionalism: The Case of Hungary

Pozsár-Szentmiklósy

2024

Hague J Rule Law

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“…Tanulmányunk ebben a komplex jogi és szakpolitikai kontextusban vizsgálja a fogyatékosügyi mozgalom és a közpolitika kapcsolatát, a demokratikus erózió kérdésére fókuszálva. A közép-és kelet-európai demokráciáknak az elmúlt évtizedben tapasztalható eróziójáról bőséges szakirodalom áll rendelkezésre (például Cianetti et al 2020). A de-demokratizálódásról szóló beszámolókat az emberi jogi, LMBT+, nőjogi és környezetvédő civil szervezetek kritikus hangjainak elnyomásáról szóló jelentések kísérik (például Krizsán et al 2017, Dobbins-Labanino 2023.…”

Section: Bevezetésunclassified

A fogyatékosügyi mozgalom részvétele a szakpolitikákban 1998 óta Magyarországon

Petri,

Hruskó

2023

szocszemle

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A fogyatékos emberek társadalmi mozgalma történetileg befolyásolta a liberális demokráciák fejlődését. A fogyatékossággal élő embereket érintő progresszív szakpolitikai változások a fogyatékosügyi mozgalom nyomására történtek. Ugyanakkor nem világos, hogy a civil érdekvédelmi térnek az erodálódó demokráciákban tapasztalható zsugorodása mennyiben érinti a fogyatékosügyi mozgalmat. Tanulmányunk a hazai fogyatékosügyi mozgalom 1998 óta eltelt időszakát vizsgálja a szakpolitikai bevonódás szintjeire és az érdekvédelmi lehetőségek változására fókuszálva. Tapasztalt mozgalmi szereplőkkel készült interjúkra (15) építve, és szakpolitikai dokumentumok vizsgálatával megállapítható, hogy a hazai fogyatékosügyi mozgalom bevonódása jelentősen romlott a 2010-es évek kezdete óta. A konzultációs platformok kiüresedtek, a kormányzati reakciótól tartva a szervezetek rendszeresen öncenzúrát gyakorolnak a kommunikációjukban, és kerülik a kormányzat kritikáját. A mozgalom széttöredezett. A fogyatékossággal élők igényeinek emberi jogi keretezése egyre kevésbé preferált kormányzati oldalról, az emberi jogokkal szembeni mozgalmi hozzáállás apatikus. Szűkült a média és a független emberi jogi intézmények elérése is.

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“…The literature review showed that Higley and Burton's framework of elite configurations is one of the most comprehensive. Its implementation is universal and has been applied to different regions of the world and all forms of states (Burton & Higley, 2001;Cianetti et al, 2020;Gerlich, 2021;Higley, 2010a;Higley & Burton, 2006;Higley & Pakulski, 1995;Smit, 2019). Disunited elites lack consensual values and disagree about how the state should be governed.…”

Section: The Elite Typology and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devoid Elites and the Need for a New Elite Configuration: An Analysis of Post-Soviet Societies on the Example of Azerbaijan

Gerlich

2023

J Ethn Cult Stud

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This paper provides a comprehensive study of the Azerbaijani ruling elites. This study aims to describe the post-Soviet Azerbaijani elites, their interaction, and their influence to elaborate a basis for studying the impact on the government and the economy. The study focuses on the definition and origin of the Azerbaijani elites after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the analysis of their interactions, and the definition of behavior and hierarchy. The study relies on Higley and Burton’s (2006) elite configurations framework and Wedel’s (2003) concept of clans. It draws on qualitative analysis and applies analytical autoethnographic approaches to analyze and interpret the information received. The study used data from 113 informal dialogue interviews with those who worked closely with the elite and the elite representatives. These data provided detailed descriptions of their life and behavior in Central Asia and the South Caucasus. The total number of respondents was 1,817 people. Not all elites have equal access to power. Some, called “hyperagents,” control most decisions. Others, whom the author defines as “devoid elites”, have very little or no real power, although they have some privileges that the elites are endowed with in society. The researcher proposes a new elite configuration entitled “imposed unity elites”, which better describes the majority of Azerbaijani elites. This elite configuration implies the existence and behavior of devoid elites. It also describes elites that seem to be united in public but lacks any basic ideology or common goals. The research contributes to the further development of Higley and Burton’s (2006) framework of elite configurations and the theory of the influence of elites. The possible application of the obtained research results will allow scientists to better understand the development characteristics of the elite configuration in the post-Soviet space and their impact on the state.

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Rethinking “democratic backsliding” in Central and Eastern Europe – looking beyond Hungary and Poland

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Informal Concentration of Powers in Illiberal Constitutionalism: The Case of Hungary

Informal Concentration of Powers in Illiberal Constitutionalism: The Case of Hungary

A fogyatékosügyi mozgalom részvétele a szakpolitikákban 1998 óta Magyarországon

Devoid Elites and the Need for a New Elite Configuration: An Analysis of Post-Soviet Societies on the Example of Azerbaijan

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