© irene bono and béatrice hibou, ���7 | doi �0.��63/978900434955�_00� This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the prevailing cc-by-nc license at the time of publication. * Our thanks go to the members of the review team, including Gilles Carbonnier, Marie Thorndahl, Frances Rice, Emmanuel Dalle Mulle and Jean-François Bayart; to Didier Péclard and Yvan Droz, who attended the seminar we organised around this issue in September 2015 at the Graduate Institute; and to the two attentive readers of one of the first drafts of this introduction, Boris Samuel and a particularly generous anonymous reviewer. chapter �