Retention of Ortho- And Polyphosphates in Some Quebec Soils as Affected by Added Organic Residues and Calcium Carbonate

P. 2004. Phosphorus amounts and distribution in a Saskatchewan soil after five years of swine and cattle manure application. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 275-281. Repeated application of animal manures to Saskatchewan soils has led to interest in the fate and distribution of residual manure P in the soil. The concentrations of soil phosphorus in various inorganic and organic fractions were investigated in soils sampled from long-term field research plots (Dixon, SK) with a 5-yr history of annual application of liquid swine manure or solid cattle manure at low, medium and high rates. The soil type at the research site is a loamy textured Black Chernozem (Cudworth Association). Annual rates of manure application over the 5 yr were based on the N contents in the manures and were equivalent to 0 (control), and approximately 100 (low), 200 (medium) and 400 (high) kg total N ha -1 yr -1 as manure. For comparison, urea alone was also applied at rates of 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . The total P concentration in the surface soil (0-15 cm) was significantly increased only by the addition of cattle manure and only in the medium and high rate treatments compared to the control. The most labile P fractions (Resin-P and NaHCO 3 -P) were also significantly increased with increasing rate of cattle manure addition. No significant increases in either soil total P or labile P fractions were observed in liquid swine manure treatments, which is attributed to the lower amount of P added with the swine manure treatment than the cattle manure treatment. Added P in the swine manure treatment more closely matched P removal in crop harvest compared to cattle manure treatment, which had more P added than was removed by the crop.

Section: Effect Of Manure Application On Soil P Distribution Among Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus amounts and distribution in a Saskatchewan soil after five years of swine and cattle manure application

Qian¹,

Schoenau²,

Wu³

et al. 2004

“…Dormaar and Chang (1995) reported 15 to 46% of total P as water-extractable P i + P o and resin-extractable P i after 20 yr of cattle manure addition. MnKeni and MacKenzie (1985) suggested that this is due to an important cumulative effect of manure additions and a decrease in the soil P adsorption as fixation sites become saturated. In our study, the available phosphate in the liquid swine manure used was about 70% of the total P in the manure, which means most of P from the manure was labile.…”

Section: Effect Of Manure and Urea On Total P And P Fractions In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-term manure addition has been known to increase the P i forms in the labile and moderately labile fractions and also to increase to total P content (MnKeni and MacKenzie 1985;Domaar and Chang 1995;Tran and N'dayegamiye 1995). Dormaar and Chang (1995) reported 15 to 46% of total P as water-extractable P i + P o and resin-extractable P i after 20 yr of cattle manure addition.…”

Section: Effect Of Manure and Urea On Total P And P Fractions In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of P in soil as influenced by a single addition of liquid swine manure

Qian¹,

Schoenau²

2000

Qian, P. and Schoenau, J. J. 2000. Fractionation of P in soil as influenced by a single addition of liquid swine manure. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80: 561-566. Limited information exists as to the short-term effect of liquid swine manure on P distribution in soil. To address this issue, forms and distribution of inorganic P (P i ) and organic P (P o ) at 2 wk and 16 wk after manure addition were investigated through a sequential extraction procedure. An Orthic Black Chernozem was sampled from a field research plot (Dixon, SK) without previous manure and urea additions. Liquid swine manure and urea were applied at rates of 0, 100 and 400 mg N kg -1 , corresponding 10 and 40 mg P kg -1 from manure. Manure addition did not increase the most labile P fractions in soil. Instead the initial fate of the P from the manure was mainly to enter moderately labile and stable fractions such as calcium phosphate and organic P forms. This is consistent with observations in the field that a single application of swine effluent does not have a large impact on extractable "available" P in the soil. Further studies are needed to determine how much manure P loading is required for saturation of the "fixed pool" of P in Saskatchewan soils.Key words: Phosphorus fractions, sequential P extraction, incubation, urea, swine manure, anion exchange membrane Qian, P. et Schoenau, J. J. 2000. Répartition des formes de P dans le sol après un simple apport de lisier liquide de porc. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80: 561-566. Il existe peu de données sur les effets à court terme du lisier liquide de porc sur la répartition du phosphore (P) dans le sol. Nous avons donc examiné, par une technique d'extraction séquentielle, les formes et la répartition du P minéral (Pm) et du P organique (Po), 2 et 16 semaines après l'épandage du lisier. Nous utilisions un chernozem noir orthique, faisant partie d'un champ expérimental (Dixon, Saskatchewan) n'ayant reçu auparavant ni fumier ni urée. Le lisier de porc et l'urée étaient apportés aux doses de 0, 100 et 400 mg N kg -1 de sol, correspondant à 10 et 40 mg P kg -1 dans le cas des traitements avec lisier. L'apport de lisier ne causait pas d'augmentation des fractions P les plus labiles. Le sort initial du P provenant du lisier était de se lier aux fractions modérément labiles ou stables, comme le phosphate de calcium et les composés organiques de P. Ceci concorde avec les observations faites au champ montrant qu'un apport unique de lisier de porc n'a pas d'impact considérable sur le P «disponible» extractible dans le sol. Il reste à déterminer quelle charge de P sous forme de fumier il faudrait pour saturer le pool fixé de P dans les sols de la Saskatchewan.

“…For manure applications to soil, the rate of change in extractable soil P forms depends on the soil characteristics, availability of the P in the manure, rate of P application, and the number of applications. A cumulative effect of manure applications is often observed and has been suggested to reflect the saturation of P fixing sites in the soil (MnKeni and MacKenzie 1985). Few studies, however, have examined the potential impact on crop production and changes in soil P forms and levels under conditions of reduced P inputs, as would occur if restrictions to P applications were suggested by a P index.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Ontario P index recommendations for reduced manure and fertilizer phosphorus applications on corn yields and soil phosphorus

Ribey

O’Halloran

2016

Environmental indices for soil P limit P applications when soil tests and risk of P losses exceed a given threshold. Producers' reluctance to reduce P inputs often stem from concerns regarding reduced crop production and soil fertility. Our objectives were to identify changes in soil P fractions after 4 yr of repeated manure or fertilizer P applications at rates ≤ crop removal by corn (Zea mays L.), and the impact of these applications on yields. Olsen P and soil P fractions extracted using a modified Hedley P fractionation procedure were measured. Corn yields were nonresponsive to P applications. After 4 yr, Olsen P was 16.6 and 24.6 mg kg −1 at the application rates of 0 and 33 kg P ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, for the inorganic fertilizer treatment indicating that soil P drawdown was occurring. Only the most labile forms of Pi (resin and bicarbonate extractable) were affected by treatment, with greater values at higher P application rates. Adherence to Ontario's P index recommendations for P applications at or below crop removal should not be a crop production concern. Furthermore, given the rate of soil labile P drawdown, routine soil testing (every 3-5 yr) would identify agronomically significant changes in soil test P before the crop yield is impacted.Key words: P fractionation, fertilizer P, manure applications, soil test P.Résumé : Les indices environnementaux relatifs au P du sol limitent l'application d'engrais P quand l'analyse du sol et les risques de pertes du P dépassent un certain seuil. Les agriculteurs hésitent souvent à réduire leurs applications d'engrais P, car ils craignent que le rendement des cultures s'en ressente et que le sol perde sa fertilité. Les auteurs voulaient établir la variation des fractions du P dans le sol après 4 années d'applications répétées de fumier ou d'engrais P à un taux égal ou inférieur à l'absorption de cet oligoélément par le maïs (Zea mays L). Ils voulaient aussi mesurer l'impact de tels amendements sur le rendement. Pour cela, ils ont mesuré les fractions de P Olsen et de P du sol extraites avec une variante de la méthode de fractionnement du P de Hedley. Le rendement du maïs ne réagit pas aux applications de P. Après 4 ans, la fraction de P Olsen s'établissait respectivement à 16,6 et à 24,6 Mg kg −1 aux taux d'application de 0 et de 33 kg de P ha −1 annuellement, pour l'amendement inorganique, signe qu'il y a rabattement du P dans le sol. Seules les formes les plus labiles de Pi (extractibles par les résines et le bicarbonate) ont été affectées par le traitement, leur valeur augmentant avec le taux de fertilisation. Respecter les recommandations de l'indice P de l'Ontario en limitant l'application d'engrais P au taux d'absorption de la culture ou à un taux moindre ne devrait pas être préoccupant pour l'agriculture. D'autre part, compte tenu du taux de rabattement du P labile dans le sol, une analyse routinière (tous les 3 à 5 ans) permettrait d'identifier les variations de la concentration de P importantes sur le plan agronomique avant que le rendeme...