Retention of Inactivated Bioaerosols and Ethene in a Rotating Bioreactor Constructed for Bioaerosol Activity Studies

Krumins, Valdis; Son, Eun-Kyeu; Mainelis, Gediminas; Fennell, Donna E.

doi:10.1002/clen.200800004

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Atmospheric constituents, such as various pollutant gases and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) ( Table 3 ) have been demonstrated to have significant deleterious effects on aerosol longevity ( 30 , 92 , 121 – 129 ). Many of these may contribute to a phenomenon known as open air factor, where aerosolized microorganisms exposed to open climatic conditions decay more rapidly than those in enclosed laboratory vessels subjected to similar temperature and RH ( 30 , 122 – 124 , 128 , 129 ).…”

Section: Environmental Factors Affecting Microbial Longevity During Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobiology: Experimental Considerations, Observations, and Future Tools

Haddrell

Thomas

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Understanding airborne survival and decay of microorganisms is important for a range of public health and biodefense applications, including epidemiological and risk analysis modeling. Techniques for experimental aerosol generation, retention in the aerosol phase, and sampling require careful consideration and understanding so that they are representative of the conditions the bioaerosol would experience in the environment. This review explores the current understanding of atmospheric transport in relation to advances and limitations of aerosol generation, maintenance in the aerosol phase, and sampling techniques. Potential tools for the future are examined at the interface between atmospheric chemistry, aerosol physics, and molecular microbiology where the heterogeneity and variability of aerosols can be explored at the single-droplet and single-microorganism levels within a bioaerosol. The review highlights the importance of method comparison and validation in bioaerosol research and the benefits that the application of novel techniques could bring to increasing the understanding of aerobiological phenomena in diverse research fields, particularly during the progression of atmospheric transport, where complex interdependent physicochemical and biological processes occur within bioaerosol particles.

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Section: Environmental Factors Affecting Microbial Longevity During Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobiology: Experimental Considerations, Observations, and Future Tools

Haddrell

Thomas

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Controlling the environmental conditions in this type of chamber would allow studying their long-term effects on the aerosols and could eventually be used to study metabolic activity of air-borne microorganisms (Krumins et al, 2008). The present study describes a rotating aerosol chamber designed for temperature and humidity control with the added benefit of an ultraviolet C band (UV-C) radiation control for disinfection studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an environmentally controlled rotating chamber for bioaerosol aging studies

Verreault

Duchaine

Marcoux-Voiselle

et al. 2014

Inhalation Toxicology

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A chamber was designed and built to study the long-term effects of environmental conditions on air-borne microorganisms. The system consists of a 55.5-L cylindrical chamber, which can rotate at variable speeds on its axis. The chamber is placed within an insulated temperature controlled enclosure which can be either cooled or heated with piezoelectric units. A germicidal light located at the chamber center irradiates at a 360° angle. Access ports are located on the stationary sections on both ends of the chamber. Relative humidity (RH) is controlled by passing the aerosol through meshed tubes surrounded by desiccant. Validation assay indicates that the interior temperature is stable with less than 0.5 °C in variation when set between 18 and 30 °C with the UV light having no effect of temperature during operation. RH levels set at 20%, 50% and 80% varied by 2.2%, 3.3% and 3.3%, respectively, over a 14-h period. The remaining fraction of particles after 18 h of suspension was 8.8% at 1 rotation per minute (rpm) and 2.6% at 0 rpm with the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) changing from 1.21 ± 0.04 μm to 1.30 ± 0.02 μm at 1 rpm and from 1.21 ± 0.04 μm to 0.91 ± 0.01 μm at 0 rpm within the same time period. This chamber can be used to increase the time of particle suspension in an aerosol cloud and control the temperature, RH and UV exposure; the design facilitates stationary sampling to be performed while the chamber is rotating.

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“…The technique of using a rotating chamber, or drum, to suspend sub-10 μm biological particles for extended periods of time is commonly employed in the field of aerobiology (Asgharian and Moss, 1992;Santarpia et al, 2019). The optimum rotation rate for particles smaller than 10 μm has been shown to be around 1-2 rpm (Goldberg et al, 1958;Goldberg, 1971;Krumins et al, 2008), though experimental studies 125 suggest higher rotation rates may be preferable (Sutton, 2005). Stainless steel tubes with 0.95 cm outer diameter that are used as aerosol injection and sampling ports extend out from the center axle on both ends of the chamber and are sealed using radial Orings.…”

Section: Rotating Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Captive Aerosol Growth and Evolution (CAGE) chamber system to investigate particle growth due to secondary aerosol formation

Sirmollo¹,

Collins²,

McCormick³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Environmental chambers are a commonly used tool for studying the production and processing of aerosols in the atmosphere. Most are located indoors and most are filled with air having prescribed concentrations of a small number of reactive gas species. Here we describe portable chambers that are used outdoors and filled with mostly ambient air. Each all-Teflon® 1-m3 Captive Aerosol Growth and Evolution (CAGE) chamber has a cylindrical shape that rotates along its horizontal axis. A gas-permeable membrane allows exchange of gas-phase species between the chamber and surrounding ambient air with a mixing time constant of approximately 0.5 h. The membrane non-permeable to particles, and those that are injected into or nucleate in the chamber are exposed to the ambient-mirroring environment until being sampled or lost to the walls. The chamber and surrounding enclosure are made of materials that are highly transmitting across the solar ultraviolet and visible wavelength spectrum. Steps taken in the design and operation of the chambers to maximize particle lifetime resulted in averages of 6.0 h, 8.2 h, and 3.9 h for ~0.06 µm, ~0.3 µm, and ~2.5 µm diameter particles, respectively. Two of the newly developed CAGE chamber systems were characterized using data acquired during a 2-month field study in 2016 in a forested area north of Houston, TX, U.S. Estimations of measured and unmeasured gas-phase species and of secondary aerosol production in the chambers were made using a zero-dimensional model that treats chemical reactions in the chamber and the continuous exchange of gases with the surrounding air. Concentrations of NO, NO2, NOy, O3, and several organic compounds measured in the chamber were found to be in close agreement with those calculated from the model, with all having near 1.0 best fit slopes and high r2 values. The growth rates of particles in the chambers were quantified by tracking the narrow modes that resulted from injection of monodisperse particles and from occasional new particle formation bursts. Size distributions in the two chambers were measured intermittently 24 h day−1. A bimodal diel particle growth rate pattern was observed, with maxima of about 6 nm h−1 in the late morning and early evening and minima of less than 1 nm h−1 shortly before sunrise and sunset. A pattern change was observed for hourly averaged growth rates between late summer and early fall.

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Retention of Inactivated Bioaerosols and Ethene in a Rotating Bioreactor Constructed for Bioaerosol Activity Studies

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Aerobiology: Experimental Considerations, Observations, and Future Tools

Aerobiology: Experimental Considerations, Observations, and Future Tools

Design of an environmentally controlled rotating chamber for bioaerosol aging studies

Captive Aerosol Growth and Evolution (CAGE) chamber system to investigate particle growth due to secondary aerosol formation

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