Resveratrol inhibits the deleterious effects of diet-induced obesity on thymic function

Gulvady, Apeksha A.; Ciolino, Henry P.; Cabrera, Robert M.; Jolly, Christopher A.

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.02.003

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It has been reported that a decrease in thymic cellularity and mature T-cell output are observed on mice fed a HF diet [54]. Mice on a HF diet also showed disrupted T-cell maturation with increased double-negative and decreased single-positive thymocytes [54]. Our results agreed with this observation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Only about 1% to 5% of the peripheral immature T-cells showed a CD4−CD8− double-negative (DN) or double-positive phenotype [52,53]. It has been reported that a decrease in thymic cellularity and mature T-cell output are observed on mice fed a HF diet [54]. Mice on a HF diet also showed disrupted T-cell maturation with increased double-negative and decreased single-positive thymocytes [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prenatal Dexamethasone and Postnatal High-Fat Diet Decrease Interferon Gamma Production through an Age-Dependent Histone Modification in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Tain

Sheen

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Overexposure to prenatal glucocorticoid (GC) disturbs hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolism and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome. A high-fat (HF) diet is a major environmental factor that can cause metabolic syndrome. We aimed to investigate whether prenatal GC plus a postnatal HF diet could alter immune programming in rat offspring. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone or saline at 14–21 days of gestation. Male offspring were then divided into four groups: vehicle, prenatal dexamethasone exposure, postnatal HF diet (VHF), and prenatal dexamethasone exposure plus a postnatal HF diet (DHF). The rats were sacrificed and adaptive immune function was evaluated. Compared to the vehicle, the DHF group had lower interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production by splenocytes at postnatal day 120. Decreases in H3K9 acetylation and H3K36me3 levels at the IFN-γ promoter correlated with decreased IFN-γ production. The impaired IFN-γ production and aberrant site-specific histone modification at the IFN-γ promoter by prenatal dexamethasone treatment plus a postnatal HF diet resulted in resilience at postnatal day 180. Prenatal dexamethasone and a postnatal HF diet decreased IFN-γ production through a site-specific and an age-dependent histone modification. These findings suggest a mechanism by which prenatal exposure to GC and a postnatal environment exert effects on fetal immunity programming.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Dexamethasone and Postnatal High-Fat Diet Decrease Interferon Gamma Production through an Age-Dependent Histone Modification in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Tain

Sheen

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…Obesity is associated with an increased risk of infection. Animal studies demonstrate that obesity might cause premature involution and fat accumulation of the thymus, resulting in a decline of naive T-cell production in the thymic gland [20, 21]. Yoshida et al investigated a large cohort with 1073 human subjects and suggested that high BMI is associated with a decline of T-cell production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal thymus in adults: appearance on CT and associations with age, sex, BMI and smoking

et al. 2015

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Objective To investigate the CT appearance and size of the thymus in associations with characteristics of participants. Materials and Methods 2540 supposedly healthy participants (mean age 58.9 years, 51% female) were evaluated for the CT appearance of thymic glands with four-point scores (according to the ratio of fat and soft tissue), size, and morphology. These were correlated with participants’ age, sex, BMI, and smoking history. Results Of 2540 participants, 1869 (74%) showed complete fatty replacement of the thymus (Score 0), 463 (18%) predominantly fatty attenuation (Score 1), 172 (7%) half fatty and half soft-tissue attenuation (Score 2), and 36 (1%) solid thymic gland with predominantly soft-tissue attenuation (Score 3). Female participants showed less fatty degeneration of the thymus with higher thymic scores within age 40-69 (P<0.001). Participants with lower thymic scores showed higher BMI (P<0.001) and were more likely to be former smokers (P<0.001) with higher pack-years (P=0.04). Conclusions Visual assessment with four-point thymic scores revealed a sex difference in the fatty degeneration of the thymus with age. Women show significantly higher thymic scores than men, suggesting less fat content of the thymus, during age 40-69. Cigarette smoking and high BMI are associated with advanced fatty replacement of the thymus.

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“…However, results from animal and human studies on the anti‐obesogenic actions of resveratrol are conflicting. Resveratrol decreased body weight and fat mass in rodent models including high‐fat diet‐induced obesity (0.06% in diet for up to 26 weeks or 30 mg kg −1 d −1 for 60 d or 0.02% in diet for 10 weeks) , apoE‐deficient mice (0.02% dietary for 12 weeks), db / db mice (0.005% and 0.02% dietary for 10 weeks) , obese rats programmed by maternal high‐fat diet (30 mg kg −1 d −1 for 8 weeks) , obese rats programmed by early weaning (30 mg kg −1 d −1 for 30 d) , Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima fatty rats (0.5% for 4 weeks) , fructose‐fed rats (10 mg kg −1 d −1 for 8 weeks) and Zucker fatty rats (15 or 45 mg kg −1 d −1 for 6 weeks) . Resveratrol‐enriched genetically modified rice reduced the body weight and abdominal fat volumes in mice fed a high‐fat diet .…”

Section: Stilbenes: Resveratrol and Pterostilbenementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional foods as potential therapeutic options for metabolic syndrome

2015

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Obesity as part of metabolic syndrome is a major lifestyle disorder throughout the world. Current drug treatments for obesity produce small and usually unsustainable decreases in body weight with the risk of major adverse effects. Surgery has been the only treatment producing successful long-term weight loss. As a different but complementary approach, lifestyle modification including the use of functional foods could produce a reliable decrease in obesity with decreased comorbidities. Functional foods may include fruits such as berries, vegetables, fibre-enriched grains and beverages such as tea and coffee. Although health improvements continue to be reported for these functional foods in rodent studies, further evidence showing the translation of these results into humans is required. Thus, the concept that these fruits and vegetables will act as functional foods in humans to reduce obesity and thereby improve health remains intuitive and possible rather than proven.

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Resveratrol inhibits the deleterious effects of diet-induced obesity on thymic function

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Prenatal Dexamethasone and Postnatal High-Fat Diet Decrease Interferon Gamma Production through an Age-Dependent Histone Modification in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Prenatal Dexamethasone and Postnatal High-Fat Diet Decrease Interferon Gamma Production through an Age-Dependent Histone Modification in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Normal thymus in adults: appearance on CT and associations with age, sex, BMI and smoking

Functional foods as potential therapeutic options for metabolic syndrome

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